Nib Manufacture

[thx1138]

Thanks for a really useful list.

[Inky-Republic]

You may want to add the Leonardo Officina Italliana pen company to the list, as I think they are going to prove popular during the coming year.

 

Their Momento Zero at least, uses a #6 Bock, according to:

 

http://www.clumsypenman.com/a-new-beginning-paradise-leonardo-officina-italliana-momento-zero-hawaii/

 

and:

 

https://pen-venture.com/products/leonardo-officina-italiana-black-mate

 

The second reference also quotes the same nib source for Leonardo's Furore model:

 

https://pen-venture.com/collections/leonardo/products/leonardo-officina-italiana-furore-blue-galaxy-blu-galassia

[Joshua J.]

Its absurd that Noodlers isnt even listed as a nib supplier, at the very least you can get some very unique nibs from Noodlers.

 

Really this list is omitting the entirety of the Fountain Pen industry of Inda, which is not small, but apparently just coming into western consciousness. Fountain Pen Revolution has about a dozen pen brands listed on the website.

 

Asking where those nibs come from would probably answer the question of where Nathan gets his nibs.

[kikopens]

https://www.peter-bock.com/company/references?fbclid=IwAR0cgrJV1P1Y0Qw4Laz63gAubSUMKds2GMGrCsL13ALENCuVvm02rdjfY4Y

 

Faber Castell uses Bock nibs now!

 

And Nemosine uses JoWo!

Edited May 15, 2019 by Arijitdutta

[Inky-Republic]

Didn't Bock do well?

 

Will do a whole heap towards standardising the industry and will contribute towards keeping the cost of new (compliant) pens down (and the profit margins of remaining pen manufacturers viable).

 

Also theoretically provides a cash surplus to invest in R&D; hopefully producing new high performing materials and designs to the market.

[DrDebG]

This is a really useful resource. Thank you for putting it together.

[Eusorph]

 

Huh. I thought I did Omas, but I guess I copied over it while making the table. It's been a bit of a pain getting the table to work. Added it again. Thanks for that.

 

As for Noodlers... uh, yeah, they do produce pens. They have been for the past couple years. You've never heard of the Ahab? It's been big news.

 

They don't. Their pens and nibs are produced by Kanwrite in India. Kanwrite also makes the flex nibs sold by F.P.R. They also offer 24k nibs with superflex and many, many differen grinds in #5.5 and #6. They have both plastic and ebonite feeds. And their nib houing has fitting for both Bock and Jowo. They also produce a couple of pens for Esterbrook. They produce for other houses too, but you'd have to ask them.

[akfdqwer]

S.T. Dupont made a post on Instagram, and they seem to claim that their nibs are made in-house now. Would anyone here confirm?

[mke]

>

Danitrio

Bock (except 24k #50 sized nib on the Yokozuna series, made by an undisclosed Japanese company

24k nibs might be made by Mr.Kubo

[mke]

> They (Kanwrite) also offer 24k nibs with superflex

 

Really?

In a message from them they only talk about a 14k nib.

Edited July 25, 2020 by mke

[mke]

You can add Santini with in-house production - according to their answer to my question:

https://www.instagram.com/p/CBYyM3PjLJ6/

[Gloucesterman]

> They (Kanwrite) also offer 24k nibs with superflex

 

Really?

In a message from them they only talk about a 14k nib.

Also, 24k is way too soft to be usable as a nib. The closest to 24k (which I am aware of) is the Sailor 21k nib

[mke]

> Also, 24k is way too soft to be usable as a nib. The closest to 24k (which I am aware of) is the Sailor 21k nib

 

Mr.Kubo from Japan made 24k nibs

 

See here picture of one

https://pencluster.com/hand_made_pen/kubo/kubo-24k-50号-流水蝙蝠-金銀杢目塗り蒔絵-万年筆%e3%80%80/

Edited July 29, 2020 by mke

[Theroc]

According to a 2019 interview with Luca Viti, Stipula now make their nibs in-house:

 

Quote

Yes, this is Stipula’s greatest pride. In 2014 we took over Globus, the historical nib manufacturer, which had ceased operations in the 1950s.
Now we make our nibs in house, finally freed from the overwhelming power of the cartel of foreign producers and their expensive costs. We are amongst the very few to do so. We dared to go against the old-fashioned approach that considered quality pens as a purely decorative accessory. Today, more than ever, nibs are at the heart of writing, and Stipula nibs are now extraordinarily varied and performing.
They are handmade following the techniques used by master craftsmen of the ’30s and ’40s, and with that period’s equipment. The stirrup casting of the virgin metal, the rolling, the forming of the sheet, and the application of the iridium tip: everything is calibrated and controlled freehand.

 

[NgunnawalJack]

Great resource thanks.  Shame it took a while to find it.

[monologion]

I don't see information about Pineider. The steel nibs in Avatar UR seems Bock to me, but I am dubious about the 14kt Quill nib in La Grande Belleza. The feeder resembles very much to my Pilot CH 92 with Falcon nib!

BTW this post deserves to be pinned.

[Bo Bo Olson]

In the Pelikan subsection Bock caught a lot of flack (about the time and before) of this original post....for making stiffer, fat and blobby nibs rather than the '82-97 era springy regular flex tear drop clean writing nibs.

 

The exact same complaints continued when Pelikan took the nibs Back-In-House.........in Bock had made the nibs exactly to Pelikan's spec's. (Outside Pelikan went from Bock's semi-flex on the 1000 to regular flex.)

 

Somewhere @ 2000  Mutschler sold it's factory machines to China. The Reform 1745 is delivered in two pallets to Hamburg; one of caps and one of bodies. They are screwed together in Hamburg so are 'made' in Germany.

I've seen them go for as low as two for E 5.00. High as E-15 for one.

 

As far as I know Degussa made Mutschler's nibs well into the '90's.

 

JoWo has survived being a fake German made product. Chevy has survived being made in Korea; but at least Chevy don't lie about it.

 

If one goes far enough back, Germany was the cheap Japan/China of it's day.....in the 19th century (when France and England made the best and America outside of guns was behind Germany for quality) and well into the 20th.

In the '50's I remember Japan made the cheapest of goods.................then came China.....first Taiwan, then the Mainland.

 

India could be next if any government effort was put into it.

 

 

 

[mke]

On 12/8/2021 at 1:17 AM, Bo Bo Olson said:

Somewhere @ 2000  Mutschler sold it's factory machines to China.

About Mutschler nibs: see here - a strange combination of whisky and fountain pens: http://www.gaelicpurescotchwhisky.com/index.php?p=gaelic-pure-scotch-whisky-fountain-pen

[Bo Bo Olson]

"""The most important part of the fountain pen is the �nib�, originally designed by Mutschler in Germany it was made of Iridium steel and inscribed as� Iridium Point Germany� (on the nib). The German IPG steel nibs are made of a defined Austenit steel that is none magnetic. The formula of the alloy ingredients that form the Supra steels is known as V4A which is defined by its none magnetic properties. Although the nibs are still inscribed �Iridium Point Germany� they are now made in Slovenia, as Mutschler went out of business in 2003 and their production machines were sold after filing for bankruptcy. There are still stock piles of Mutschler nib fountain pens being traded between vendors (20 years after shutdown???) and collectors, but our assurance is that the nib is made of a none conductive steel as originally designed by Mutschler. Where the source is from the original stock or new from Slovenia, the quality is still the same, as the machines used to make the nibs has not changed only the location. """

 

IMO Degussa made nibs in the end of it's nib making for Mutschler, and I believe Thomas/our Kaweco commented on the Va4 steel and other steels used in nib making made, well before Mutschler became the last cheap German maker. If I recall it was a sort of normal steel.

I'll have to ask him.....but that Mutschler ended up in Slovenia is new to me....; but who am I to know such things.

 

The impression I had it was sold to China.

No where on the 1745 is made in Sloviania, or the EU....Sold 'unwrapped'. .... as made in Germany...............and I can't see Mutschler having made a couple hundred pallets of the 1745 and the two slightly larger P-20? P-22 or so that would have been put away for much of a decade before bleeding out into German Ebay, and so many pallets that they are still being well sold on German Ebay. 1+1 = 27.....

[danielpi]

It's been a while. If an admin would please edit the first post to update it—many thanks:

 

<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>

<center>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Organized by pen-maker:&nbsp;</span></p>
  
  <table border="1" cellpadding="5" class="t1">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td class="td1" valign="middle">
			<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>Brand</b></span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td2" valign="middle">
			<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>Current Nib Supplier</b></span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td3" valign="middle">
			<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>Historical Sources</b></span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Ancora</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Armando Simoni Club</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
      
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Aurora</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bexley</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td7" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td8" valign="middle" style="background-color:#cccccc">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Until early 2000s: Bock for gold, Schmidt/JoWo for steel</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Caran D&#39;Ache</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Cleo-Skribent</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Conid</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Conklin</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td7" valign="middle" style="background-color:#cccccc">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock and JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Conway Stewart</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td10" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Pre-1920: Warranted, 1920-1975: In-House</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Cross</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House and Sailor (only for Peerless 125)</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td11" valign="middle" style="background-color:#f9ccff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Pelikan and Pilot</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Danitrio</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock (except 24k #50 sized nib on the Yokozuna series, made by an undisclosed Japanese company</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td12" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Delta</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Diplomat</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Dupont</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Eboya</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Edison</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td7" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Elysee</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock (finishing by SP Dupont?)</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Esterbrook</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Faber Castell</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td7" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Graf von Faber Castell</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Franklin Christoph</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td13" valign="middle" style="background-color:#cccccc">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">JoWo for steel, Bock and JoWo for gold</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td14" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Formerly all Bock (including some Schmidt branded Bock)</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Goulet</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td7" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Hakase</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td15" valign="middle" style="background-color:#f9ccff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Pilot (and Sailor, but mainly Pilot)</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Helico</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Kanwrite</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>      
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Karas Kustoms</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td14" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Schmidt First Gen</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Kaweco</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td14" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock in the beginning—unclear when they switched</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Laban</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>      
      		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Classic Pens</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr> 
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Lamy</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Mainly In-House; Bock for specialty nibs</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td14" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Exclusively Bock in the beginning</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Leonardo Officina Italiana</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td14" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Exclusively Bock until 2021</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>      
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Magna Carta</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Montblanc</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Montegrappa</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#cccccc">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock and JoWo (for #8 size)</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Monteverde</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Ohashido</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td16" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ff7a7a">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Sailor</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Omas</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td10" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-house until 2000</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Onoto</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td10" valign="middle">
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Parker</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House and Bock (for #8 size)</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Pelikan</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td17" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Originally <a href="http://www.gentlemansgazette.com/pelikan-fountain-pen-guide/"><span class="s2">Montblanc nibs</span></a>, later in-house, switched to Bock 1997, transitioned back to in-house since mid-2000s</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Pilot/Namiki</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#f0b89c">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Pineider</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>      
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Platinum</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Romillo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Sailor</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#f0a39c">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Santini</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#f0a39c">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>      
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Sheaffer</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td10" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Signum</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Stipula</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#cccccc">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-house for gold, Bock and JoWo for steel</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td14" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">All Bock (until 2014)</span></p>          
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Stylo Art</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td18" valign="middle" style="background-color:#a37b65">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Sailor, Platinum, Pilot, and Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Taccia</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td16" valign="middle" style="background-color:#FF6347">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Sailor and JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">TWSBI</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td13" valign="middle" style="background-color:#cccccc">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock and JoWo</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Urso</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Visconti</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td9" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Waterman</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In-House</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td4" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Yard-o-Led</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td5" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bock</span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td6" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>
			</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="p1"><span class="s1">And organized by nib-maker:&nbsp;</span></p>

<table  border="1" cellpadding="5" class="t1">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td class="td19" valign="middle" style="background-color:#78c7ff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><b>Bock</b></span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td20" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Armando Simoni Club, Caran D'Ache, Classic Pens, Cleo Skribent, Conid, Conklin, Conway Stewart, Danitrio, Delta, Dupont, Eboya, Elysee, Graf von Faber Castell, Franklin Christoph, Helico, Karas Kustoms, Laban, Montegrappa, Monteverde, Omas, Onoto, Pineider, Sheaffer, Signum, Stipula, Stylo Art, TWSBI, Visconti, Yard-o-Led</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td21" valign="middle" style="background-color:#fff7c7">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><b>In-House</b></span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td20" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Ancora, Aurora, Cross, Kanwrite, Lamy, Montblanc, Parker, Pelikan, Pilot/Namiki, Platinum, Romillo, Santini, Sailor, Stipula, Waterman</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td22" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ffc875">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><b>JoWo</b></span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td20" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Bexley, Conklin, Diplomat, Edison, Esterbrook, Faber Castell, Franklin Christoph, Goulet, Kaweco, Leonardo, Montegrappa, Stipula, Taccia, TWSBI</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td23" valign="middle" style="background-color:#f9ccff">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><b>Pilot</b></span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td20" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Hakase, Pilot/Namiki, Stylo Art</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td class="td24" valign="middle" style="background-color:#ff7a7a">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><b>Sailor</b></span></p>
			</td>
			<td class="td20" valign="middle">
			<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Hakase, Ohashido, Sailor, Stylo Art, Taccia</span></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table></center>

<p class="p1">&nbsp;</p>