A List Of Chinese Pen Brands

[masao]

And a Taiwanese brand disappeared

TELEX

Edited May 7, 2016 by masao

[Tefolim]

As someone whose primary interest is Chinese-made pens - a somewhat arbitrary decision before jumping in at the deep end - I picked up a fair bit of information through my strolls through this internet thing! One of the first things I noticed is that there have been many more brands in that country than what most people realized; at one point in Shanghai only, there were no fewer than 76 individual fountain pen manufacturers. So I started a list of brands a little while ago: it is nowhere near exhaustive as long-forgotten makers and brands keep turning up, not to mention new ones.

 

Of course, most of the information are from seeing actual examples in my own meagre collection, and even in photographs only. This does not always indicate much beyond the country of origin and the brand name on the pen itself, this explains why so many of them have scant information. Without further ado here it is.

 

- - - - -

 

Chinese Pen Brands

 

Anda 安達

Not much is known about this marque, one identified model used a Sheaffer-type nib, likely built by Wing Sung.

 

Angel

A Wuhan-based maker.

 

Baoer 保爾

See Jinhao.

 

Chang Hong, or Rainbow 長虹

A defunct Tianjin-based maker started by a team from Hero. The original factory was acquired by Sea-Gull watches and built the original 1963 Air Force chronograph; the later factory ground is now a housing development.

 

Changjiang 長江

A brand based in Chongqing, even the English name is conjectural, but it means "Long River" literally, and refers specifically to the Yangtze River. Among other pens it's one of the firms which made the classic Type 28 design.

 

Crocodile 金鱷

It is not known if this marque is related to the one of the same name which is still extant.

 

Crown 皇冠

Not much is known about this marque.

 

Da Gong, or Dagong 大公

A brand by the Wuhan Pen Factory.

 

Danyutu 丹玉兔

Little is known about this marque.

 

Diamond, or Zuanshi, or Zuan Shi 鑽石

See Heilongjiang.

 

Dibao

Little is known about this marque.

 

Donghong 東虹

Literally "Rainbow of the East", not much is known about this marque; known examples are fitted with "Iridium Point Germany" nibs.

 

Dongsheng 東升

Little is known about this marque.

 

Dong Yi 東藝

A Shanghai-based marque, identified models show a liking for Lacque de Chine finish.

 

Duke 公爵

A Shanghai-based modern manufacturer.

 

Farn

Little is known about this marque.

 

Fenghua 豐華

Primarily a Shanghai-based ballpoint pen factory but still made some fountain pens.

 

Flight

Little is known about this marque.

 

Flourish 金利

A brand by the Wuxi-based firm of Jinli, it is not known if it is related to the firm making the Angel brand based in Wuhan.

 

Golden Dragon 金龍

Possibly a sub-brand used by Dandong, see White Feather. The Golden Dragon brand included a model with a flip-over nib similar to the Parker 180, and a model with a brush head instead of a regular nib.

 

Guangli 廣利

A relatively modern Shanghai-based marque.

 

Guangrong 光榮

This is a brand from Nanjing, probably a sister brand to Tianwen.

 

Guanleming, or Wm. K. Rockman 關勒銘

Originally a US maker from New York City, the firm moved to Shanghai in 1929 and settled there, thus becoming the second manufacturer in that country. The English name remained "Wm. K. Rockman" but after the war, a transliteration of its Chinese name was used instead, as "Guanleming". The brand is now owned by Hero and for many years based at the Changsu works along with Jinrong.

 

Guhwa 古華

A smaller Shanghai-based maker.

 

Guiguan 貴冠

A Hero sub-brand, based at Hero's iridium point factory in Shanghai, some models signed "SIPF"

 

Guoyi 國益

The first pen manufacturer in China, established in 1926. It changed its name to "Doctor" later and was acquired by Guanleming, and then by Hero. The Doctor brand is still occasionally used by Hero.

 

Haiping 海平

Little is known about this marque.

 

Hangzhou 杭州

Most probably based in the city of the same name, only one model was identified, so it's probably a short-lived maker. Said model is not signed externally, but signed on the Aerometric housing instead.

 

Haobang 豪邦

Little is known about this marque.

 

Haolida 好利達

A relatively new marque about which little is known.

 

Heilongjiang 黑龍江

A maker based in the far north-east, best known for flat-top Type 28 pens; its signature was having a stone set to the clip. It also owns a sub-brand called Diamond for more modern style pens, such as combined hooded nib and ballpoint pens.

 

Hongjiang 弘羌

A still-active maker of colourful plastics school pens with ergonomic designs.

 

Hong Qiang 宏強

Little is known about this marque.

 

Huafu 華孚

Huafu was established in 1931 in Shanghai; it was probably some time in the 1960s that it changed its name to "Hero", its product brand name. However, Hero still uses the Huafu name on some of their pens.

 

Huahong 華宏

A Shanghai-based brand, probably related to Hero; the nibs are signed with the brand name.

 

Huanqiu 環球

Little is known about this marque.

 

Huashi 華士

Little is known about this marque.

 

Hu Guang 滬光

A marque used by a Shanghai maker.

 

Huwen 滬文

A marque used by a Shanghai maker.

 

Ihua

Little is known about this marque; identified models used an unusual transparent feed.

 

Jiangjun, or General 將軍

See Youlian.

 

Jingang 津港

Not much is known about this marque.

 

Jingwen 京文

A Beijing-based brand making low-cost student pens.

 

Jinhan

Little is known about this marque.

 

Jinhao 金豪

Along with Baoer, Jinhao is a brand used by the very active Shanghai Qian Gu Stationary Co Ltd; where Baoer is reserved for the more popularly-priced models.

 

Jinhua 津華

Made by a Wuxi-based firm who also made footballs; only one model by this maker is confirmed, which is not marked conspicuously, only "J 707" on the cap.

 

Jinlu 金路

Probably related to Hero, the one model identified - 720 - bears a resemblance to the "new type" Hero 329.

 

Jinrong 金榮

A brand owned by Hero, who operated out of their Changsu facilities along with Guanleming (aka Wm. K. Rockman).

 

Jinxing, or Kin Sin, or Golden Star 金星

Originally a Shanghai maker started by three Korean brothers in 1932; a Beijing factory opened in 1952, and later still the Shanghai works stopped making pens, making it a Beijing-based brand. Their classic black Type 28 is the most iconic model and carried on being made for many years.

 

Jinyan 金燕

A smaller and probably short-lived maker based in Jinan, Shandong province. Only one model has been identified, and not marked conspiciously, it's a Parker 51 derivative but the collector is not functional as it is solid, without capillary fins.

 

Jixiang 吉祥

Little is known about this marque.

 

Jonna

Little is known about this marque.

 

Junwu

Little is known about this marque.

 

Kunshilai 昆士萊

A brand used by the Kunshan City Pen Factory, and probably moved to Suzhou subsequently.

 

Lanbaoshi 藍寶石

The brand name is literally "Sapphire", little is known about it.

 

Lap.Kwan

Little is known about this marque.

 

Leibo, or Shanghai Leibo 雷博, 上海雷博

Little is known about this marque; identified pens were Parker 45 derived.

 

Leqi 樂奇

A maker whose fountain pens were always sold paired with ballpoint pens in presentation boxes.

 

Lingnan 鈴蘭

A Hero sub-brand.

 

Longfeng 龍鳳

A Shanghai-based marque.

 

Lucky 幸福

A brand owned by Wing Sung.

 

Luoshi 羅氏

Apparently a relative newcomer in the pen making industry, also see Weilong.

 

Luye 綠葉

Literally "Green Leaf" and supplied with a leaf-shaped swing tag, it's a Shanghai-based brand and probably owned by Hero.

 

Mingxing, or Star 明星

Little is known about this marque.

 

Moon Orchids, or Yuelan 月蘭

Little is known about this marque, who branded at least some of its pens with both English names concurrently, Moon Orchids on the barrel and cap, and Yuelan on the Sheaffer-style nib.

 

Nanjing 南京

Likely to have been a brand based at the city of the same name, it is not known if it was related to Xinxing or Tianwen.

 

Paide 派迪

A Hero or Wing Sung sub-brand, model such as 756-3 uses a steel Sheaffer-type nib

 

Paili 派利

Little is known about this marque.

 

Parkson

Not much is known about this brand, known examples are fitted with "Iridium Point Germany" nibs.

 

Peacock

Little is known about this marque.

 

Picasso 畢加索

A modern Shanghai-based maker.

 

Poppenex 伯翰

Little is known about this marque.

 

Qiangsheng 強生

Little is known about this marque; the nibs used were branded "Qiangsheng".

 

Qingdao 青島

Named after the city in which they were made. Known examples are simply built, a Parker-style model -812- has non-functioning collector which is solid, without capillary fins.

 

Qunying 群英

Little is known about this marque; identified models were Parker 45 derived.

 

Regent Bird, or RB 火烈鳥

This appears to be a relatively new brand, and uses "Iridium Point Germany" nibs.

 

Sanhe

Not much is known about this marque.

 

Sanle 三利

Little is known about this marque.

 

Sanxing, or San Xing, or Threestars 三星

Identified examples of pens bearing this marque used Sheaffer-style nibs; mechanical pencils bearing this "San Xing" brand are confirmed as by the Second Chinese Pencil Factory, in Shanghai.

 

Scoria

Not much is known about this marque.

 

Shang Hai 上海

A known example has a steel Sheaffer-style nib which is characteristic of Wing Sung, and might be one of the firm's sub-brands.

 

Shen Hua 振華

A Shanghai-based marque.

 

Shenxing 申星

Literally "Star of Shanghai", it's possible that it's a minor sub-brand used by Hero, as known models are identical to some Hero-branded models.

 

Shuang Ling 雙靈

A Shanghai-based maker.

 

Shuangrong

Little is known about this marque.

 

Shule 書樂

Little is known about this marque.

 

Shunda 順達

Little is known about this marque.

 

Shuyiwen 書億文

Another relatively small maker.

 

Sihua 四花

A brand based in Tianjin.

 

Star

See Mingxing.

 

SWL 斯威利

Apparently a small and relatively new maker.

 

Ta Tung 大東

A brand owned by Wing Sung.

 

Tiantan 天壇

See Youlian.

 

Tianwen 天文

A brand used by the Nanjing Pen Factory.

 

Vens 文士

This manufacturer was recorded to be in existance prior to the mid-1950s.

 

Wanbao 萬寶

By the appearance of known examples it is likely to be related to the Jinrong and Guanleming models built at Hero's Changsu facilities, even though the nibs are signed "Wanbao".

 

Weibao 威寶

Little is known about this marque.

 

Weilong 威龍

A brand used by Luoshi, some nibs used are "Iridium Point Germany".

 

Weiwen 偉文

Little is known about this marque, apparently it has a sub-brand called "Little Doctor".

 

Wen Da 文達

Little is known about this marque.

 

Wen Feng 文豐

Little is known about this marque; known examples have nibs marked "Iridium Point Wenfeng".

 

Wenfu 文孚

Little is known about this marque.

 

Wenhua 文華

Little is known about this marque.

 

Wenneng 文能

Little is known about this marque.

 

White Feather 白翎

A brand used by the defunct Dandong Pen Factory, it is possible that some pens were only branded as "Dandong". Also see Golden Dragon.

 

Wm. K. Rockman

See Guanleming.

 

Wing Sung 永生

This Shanghai-based maker started in 1950 under the name Xinhua as the main branch of a stationary shop of that name acquired a lesser pen factory. After subsequent rounds of acquisitions it became one of the most prolific makers, but now ceased production.

 

Wobo 沃博

Little is known about this marque.

 

Xianhe 仙鶴

A brand used by the Xian Pen Factory, meaning "Red-crowned Crane" , also see Yanhe.

 

Xinhua 新華

See Wing Sung.

 

Xinxing, or Nova 新星

A minor maker in Nanjing; the English name is conjectural. Only one model, the Parker 51-inspired 884, has positively been identified.

 

Xue Shan 雪山

Little is known about this marque, but on the box the trademark bears a resemblance to Yunshan, so they could be related brands by the same maker.

 

Yalun

Little is known about this marque.

 

Yanhe 延河

A brand used by the Xian Pen Factory, after the river in the Yanan district. Also see Xianhe.

 

Yongjiu 永久

A defunct but respected maker in Shaoyang.

 

Youlian 友聯

The Youlian (Alliance) brand was based in Harbin in the far north-east it was founded in 1950, by acquiring the assets of Guanleming of Shanghai, along with a number of staff members. It also owned the Jiangjun (General) and Tiantan brands.

 

Youth 青年

A brand from Guangzhou.

 

Yiren 依人

A relatively new maker who is seeing some commercial success.

 

Yunshan 雲山

Little is known about this marque, but on the box the trademark bears a resemblance to Xue Shan, so they could be related brands by the same maker. The pens under this brand ranged from Lacque de Chine metal ones to all plastic novelty pens.

 

Zhenhua, or Zhen Hua 振華

Little is known about this relatively modern marque.

 

Zhonghu 中滬

Even though the "hu" in the brand name is short for "Shanghai", the brand was actually owned by the Zhongnan Pen Factory in Wuxi.

 

Zhongshan 鍾山

Little is known about this marque.

 

Zhongzhou 中州

Little is known about this marque, identified models appear to be inexpensive, all plastics, small student pens with the name in Chinese signed on the nibs.

 

Zhongyuan 中原

A brand used by the Chengzhou Pen Factory.

 

Zhuangyuan 狀元

Another less known marque.

 

Zhongshan 鐘山 may be a brand of Nanjing Pen Factory. Nanjing Pen Factory（Later aka. Tianwen Group） was a branch of Lianye Pen Factory 聯業筆廠 (brand:聯業 Lianye and 五龍 Five Dragon） in early 1950s. In 1958, Lianye becam a part of 華孚金筆廠（In fact，華孚 is Wolff in the early ）.

 

Zhenhua 振華 is hold by a hongkong businessman.

 

Yunshan雲山 in Lanxi蘭溪, Zhejiang, focus more on the fountain pen for art. It seemed have cooperative relationship with Wing sung.

 

Youlian 友聯's brand Tiantan天壇 also use Temple of Heaven as English name.

 

Yongjiu永久 had a cooperative relationship with wing sung from 1986 and product Model 412 under the brand wing sung.

 

Xi'an Pen Factory's instruments were planned to sent to help Cuba. Had a co relationship with Hero, produce Hero 258.

 

Wobo沃博 was a pen co. in Dandong.

 

Wanbao萬寶 is the Shanghai First pen parts factory's brand.

Shuangling雙靈and Shule書樂 belongs to another pen parts factorys.

 

Wingsung was the second top brand in china. after bankrupt, it belongs to Hero group and then Hero Industry. Now the brand Wingsung is licensed to shanghai gelin stationary上海格林文具.

 

Lap.Kwan is a brand of a stationary co. in Quanzhou, Fujian.

 

Leqi located in Shenzhen.

 

鈴蘭Lily is a brand of 合肥金筆總廠，also Xinnongcun新農村，Foziling佛子嶺，Golden Horse金馬，Huashi華士，and a strange Lagury.

Lily 718= Wing sung 239 and Wingsung239 produced by Hefei，Lily 717 and the Model 717 with “Lagury” mark nib = Tatung 717，obviously has co relationship with Wingsung.

 

 

Wm. K. Rockman is the English name of shanghai guanleming pen factory's 關勒銘，which stopping pen product in1967. Guanleming is the English name of Hero Pen Factory's Changsu branch（Changsu Pen Factory常熟金筆廠）'s 關勒銘 after 1990s.

 

Tatung became a part of Wing sung in1958. Tatung ang Lianye were product about half of steel nib fountain pen in 1950s.

 

SWIRI斯威利，the brand of Shanghai Writing Instrument Research Insititute(SWIRI)，SWIRI also trained Jiangyin Pen Factory(brand Huangguan皇冠，means crown，and has a co relationship with Shanghai nib factory，produce Dengta燈塔，Lighthouse）Member of Hero Group.

 

Dandong Pen Factory（Shanghai Golden Dragon Pen factory→Andong Yonghua Pen Factoy→Andong Pen Factory→Dandong Pen Factory→Dandong China-Korea Friendship Pen Factory→Dandong Pen Factory），brand：Golden Dragon金龍，Yalujiang鴨綠江Yalu River，Changbaishan長白山Mount.Changbai，Dongfanghong東方紅，White Feather白翎（means peacock's white feather）.Before bankrupt，Dandong has a subcompany in Russia，and help Pyongyang Pen Factory in DPRK.

 

Paidi派迪 is Jianyin Pen for Art Factory（Aka. Paidi Group）'s brand，1990s became Hero Pen Factory's subcompany，brand：Paidi派迪，Lanbaoshi 藍寶石，Huafu華孚（different english name with wolff before 1966），Hero 849 has the same style with Paidi Century，may be the product of Paidi.

 

Youth青年 in 1940s is a brand of Chunghwa fontain pen co.

Guangzhou（South/South China and the precusor） used brands like：Phenix鳳凰，Golden cock金雞，Youth青春（different chinese name with Youth 青年），SouthChina華南，Qianli千里（lit.1000 li=500km，means very long distance），Sunlit日光，Zhongnan中南……

 

Guangrong光榮：Wuxi Pen Factory's brand，however Chongqing Stationary factory（the precusor of Chongqing Pen factory） also used this brand with other brand like peace dove和平鴿，Chongwen重文

 

Guiguan：Shanghai Iridium Point Factory，aka. Shanghai Guiguan Stationary Co. after 1997， the only one iridium point provider in China before 1972，two fo providers before 1988. Refer to Pilot's line standard. Stop produce after 2004. Member of Hero Group.

 

 

Changjiang are brands of Chongqing Pen Factory.CIPF（Chongqing Iridium Point Factory，founded in1972） was a part of Chongqing. After 1986， founded a combine with Guiyang Pen Factory貴陽金筆廠（Qinlingshan黔靈山 and Guiyang貴陽）、Kunming Pen Assamble Factory昆明制筆裝配廠 a nd Jinxian general stationary factory進賢文具綜合廠.

 

Wuhan and Dagong are brands of Wuhan Pen factory.

 

Longin浪琴（Longene Watch also use 浪琴 as Chinese name） was belong to three brand. Before PRC founded，Longin was the brand of Tsiang Hwa Pen Factory強華金筆廠.1950s～mid1960s belongs to Da-loh pen factory大陸金筆廠（Guangming光明，Longin and Lucky，later Lucky became a sub brand of Wingsung）.After 1980s， a pen part factory use the Longin again.

 

About Hero：Hero was the brand of Datung Hero Fountain Pen Factory大同英雄自來水筆廠，in 1955 became a part of Wolff. In 1966，Wolff changed its name into Hongwu紅武 then Hero英雄.

 

Shanghai may means different factories' product. Wolfd/Hero' Shanghai Gold Pen，Jiangyin or Zhongnan has a pen only shanghai mark on the vice nib，shanghai chuansha Yulan pen factory（brand Yulan玉蘭Magnolia，Panda熊貓，Flight航空）seems to also use Shanghai mark only.

 

Guoyi/Doctor became a part of shanghai guanlming in1955，Hero re-use thia brand in 1980s.

 

Mingxing/Star is the brand of Lishui Pen Factory麗水金筆廠，now is hero's sub company. Low quality Hero pen（xxxx iridium point pen，gold pen 3000、1000，seems that 2067，172，and some xxx like part of 007、part of 616，359...are from Lishui branch. Though Mingxing 750 in 1980s is a good product.

 

Sanle 三樂 is the brand of shanghai pencil broad factory...seems no fountain pen.

Though Sailor's Shanghai branch during the Japaese China Invade War in Chinese was called 三樂自來水筆廠Sanle Fountain Pen Factory and as the enemy's possession was auctioned to Wolff華孚.

 

Jinghua京華/Jinhua津華/Zhonghua中華may belong to the same pen factory in wuxi.

 

Hero is parts of Fenghua豐華's Fountain Pen'sODM.

 

Wenneng文能 is a jiangsu-base brand.

Huanqiu環球 is zhejiang-base.

Heilongjiang cooperative wing sung.

Youlian co. with hero.

[Tefolim]

golden coc* 金雞……

 

Maanshan Pen Factory：Maanshan馬鞍山

Taihu太湖：wuxi-base

Huahong華宏's gold nib may be the product of hero.

 

Shanghai Liqin Stationary Co.上海麗琴文化用品公司：麗琴Liqin and Wenrong 文榮.

 

Green Leaf is the brand of Qunming Ink Factory

[bob_hayden]

I think "Lucky" was an old brand that merged with Wing Sung which then went out of business. The Lucky pens on eBay may not have any connection with the Wing Sungs of long ago. Hero bought the rights to the name and are now producing pens with "Wing Sung", "WingS", and "Lucky" labels. Sort of in between is the 2000x series that do not resemble other Wing Sungs old or new. I like the old Wing Sungs with the claw nib such as the 500 and 333.

[Mech-for-i]

Wing Sung owned the name Lucky in their days and Hero's buyout of Wing Sung come with this piece of asset. Lucky 200X series were very late Wing Sung production and genuine Wing Sung despite many having thr Lucky brand. Todays new production Wing.S Lucky are all branded and licensed production. Hero's own marketed version of the brand will have the full Wing Sung namesake.

 

Lucky used to be Wing Sung's export branding in oversea market excluding Asia and the former Warsaw pack market

[Tefolim]

I think "Lucky" was an old brand that merged with Wing Sung which then went out of business. The Lucky pens on eBay may not have any connection with the Wing Sungs of long ago. Hero bought the rights to the name and are now producing pens with "Wing Sung", "WingS", and "Lucky" labels. Sort of in between is the 2000x series that do not resemble other Wing Sungs old or new. I like the old Wing Sungs with the claw nib such as the 500 and 333.

At the beginning, Lucky/Xingfu is a brand of Dah-loh(大陸金筆廠） after the combination (1956?) between Chiang Hwa(強華金筆廠，brand: 浪琴Lonqin) and Dah-loh. The brand has about 60-year-history.

In 1960s, Dah-loh divided its fountain pen line and brand(Lucky) to Xinhua(新華金筆廠, brand: Wingsung, Xinhua and so on).

Xinhua changed its own name into Wingsung in the year 1987. Finally, Hero bought the bankerupt Wingsung. And now, Wingsung and its brands belong to Hero Industry(divided from Hero Group). Hero belongs to Hero Group.

[Tefolim]

It said that Wingsung brand was licensed to different companies. The licensed Shanghai company, Shanghai Gelin Stationary, has close relationship with Hero. For example, the manufactor of Wingsung 618 is Hero.

[Seele]

Regarding Dah Loh Fountain Pen Co: "Dah Loh" literally means "Continental" and in Chinese, 大陸金筆廠 :

 

I cannot find out when the company was founded, but it was bought by the 9th Field Army of the PLA in December 1949, later it was administered under the Shanghai City Industries Bureau, and changed its name to Nationalized Local Dah Loh Fountain Pen Co.

 

The brand used by the firm was Lucky 幸福 and sometimes co-branded with its pinyin rendition Xingfu; for instance, branded Lucky on the pen barrel and box, but Xingfu on the nib.

 

I still do not know much about Chianghwa pens who used the Longqin/Longin 浪琴 brand, but most of the examples I have seen are closely related to Lucky-branded ones, as Tefolim said, 1956 seems to be a plausible time when it was acquired by Dah Loh.

 

Another maker was also acquired by Dah Loh in 1958 was 慶華 (possible romanized as Qinghwa), and I also do not know anything about this firm.

 

However, Dah Loh was known to produce similar pens under all three of their brand names,幸福 Lucky/Xingfu, 浪琴Longqin/Longin and 光明 (possible romanized as Guangming); while Longqin/Longin was inherited from Chianghwa, I can't help but wonder if the Guangming was inherited from Qinghwa after its acquisition; judging by the relatively high number of Guangming-branded pens still in existence this might not be the case though.

 

Another point is the origin of the Hero brand. Originally it was registered by Tadong Pen Co 大同自來水筆製造廠 in March 1939 (according to an article in the China Writing Instrument Association website) and its original trademark is still applied to Hero-branded inks by the Shanghai Ink Factory. Along with 69 other pen and component makers, Tadong was acquired by Wolff in 1955. I have found pictures of one example of a pen which is pretty much identical to the 100 Hero, bearing the Hero name, but branded as a Tadong product, so there might be a bit of a chance that the 100 Hero was originally earmarked as a Tadong product, and some examples were indeed made, branded as such.

Edited October 1, 2017 by Seele

[Tefolim]

Lonqin's triumph nib model's inherited model is Lucky 215 as Hongkong's newspaper said in 1957.7.

 

In Baidu Tieba 百度貼吧, someone posted Lonqin with accordion filler.

 

http://tieba.baidu.com/p/3209530265?share=9105&fr=share&see_lz=0

 

Accordion filler was used from mid 1956 to 1957? 1958? for studying ussr experience.

[Tefolim]

By the way, 杭州Hangzhou's local brand is Xihu西湖, at least there were Xihu 71 and Xihu 81. From Zhejiang Ribao 1959-07-18. The qualification rate of Xihu was 20% then 80%. From Zhejiang Ribao 1959-07-23

[Mech-for-i]

I have a Xihu in my cach. It was inked once and then relegate d to stay stored. The quality of material and workmanship is inferior at best

[Tefolim]

I have a Xihu in my cach. It was inked once and then relegate d to stay stored. The quality of material and workmanship is inferior at best

So the only two Xihu Gold nib fountain pens were stop manufacturing in early 1960s, iridium point nib instead. And in 1960s, the department of commerce of China recycled some fountain pens on stock for problem, for example, 38 Mudan牡丹 lady pen, Rockman關勒銘 66.

[Mech-for-i]

1960's is the time really the whole industry of Chinese pen manufacturing got a complete overhaul , sort of , and both new product, and new manufacturing scheme adorned. The evolution is easily seen in names like Hero and Wing Sung , and all the 1st and 2nd tier manufacturers, but the smaller individual, local and ( then ) now nationalized small names either lost their originality and identity or simply just folded.

[Tefolim]

1960's is the time really the whole industry of Chinese pen manufacturing got a complete overhaul , sort of , and both new product, and new manufacturing scheme adorned. The evolution is easily seen in names like Hero and Wing Sung , and all the 1st and 2nd tier manufacturers, but the smaller individual, local and ( then ) now nationalized small names either lost their originality and identity or simply just folded.

Eh,Wolff changed its name into Hongwu紅武(lit. Red Arm) in 1966 because of the Great Culture Revolution and soon Hero. Xinhua changed its name into Wingsung in 1987.

 

 

By the way, in about 1960s this thing happened which influenced on Chinese Fountain Pen:

 

The Control of Precious Metal:

 

Youlian planed to produce copper lead alloy to instead of gold nib in 1959? 1960?

 

And because of the more strict control of precious metal, from 1963-1965, some smaller manufactors were not allowed to produce gold nib and gold-plated till 1980s.

 

THE STANDARDIZATION

from 1963 to 1970s caused that most Chinese fountain pen similar that the same components can be used in different manufactors' pen.

 

The Great Culture Revolution.

Edited October 3, 2017 by Tefolim

[Tefolim]

I found some thing about the brands in 1940s-1950s, however, I don't know some of the brands's English name.

 

Parkrin派克令/派克靈, Chiang Hwa's brand after Lonqin in 1940s. Parker 51 style. Model 51.

[Tefolim]

Chaoying超英（lit. Suppressing the Great Britain) 寧波制筆廠 maybe Ningbo Pen Factory in English. Model 593 is gold nib in 1959.

An unknown model in late 1959 use iridium point nib with ballpen Model 5.1.

The logos of Chaoying are different between the version in 1959.4 and the version in 1960.1

[Seele]

Tefolim,

 

I think 超英 should be rendered as "Surpassing Britain"; during the Great Leap Forward movement, 超英趕美 (surpassing Britain, catching up with the US) was a common slogan.

[Tefolim]

Tefolim,

 

I think 超英 should be rendered as "Surpassing Britain"; during the Great Leap Forward movement, 超英趕美 (surpassing Britain, catching up with the US) was a common slogan.

I think so, too.

 

And

 

Chongqing's Hongyan紅岩 and Tianjing's Osterish鴕鳥 are the other two brands used only in the Great Leap Forward Movement.

 

Hongyan was insteaded of by Yangtze River/Changjiang長江.

 

Osterish was insteaded of by Rainbow長虹.

[FLZapped]

I recently became the owner of a Beide - I believe they are out of Shanghai.

[Tefolim]

I recently became the owner of a Beide - I believe they are out of Shanghai.

Beide is a brand from Zhenhai, Ningbo, Zhejiang.