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From the late 19th century to the 1950s there were several penman's magazines in America. These promoted the art of calligraphy (penmanship) with news, articles, history, instruction, examples of calligraphy and so forth. There is nothing else like them in the world and if you are interested at all in modern calligraphy they are well worth a look. You can find them on archive.org (search for "the penman's art journal", and "the business educator" and/or look on iampeth.org) Edward C. Mills is renowned as one of the most skilled writers of business writing (What Americans know today as "cursive") there has ever been. Here is an article written by Edward C. Mills, from The Penman's Art Journal November 1896 issue, which considers the merits of vertical writing (Vertical writing was promoted in the late 19th century in America and Europe, however it doesn't seem to have been especially successful in America: almost completely losing out in the long term to slanted business writing): http://archive.org/stream/penmansartjourna20unse#page/201/mode/1up http://i.imgur.com/nCeAarv.jpg http://i.imgur.com/EpEG4Hm.jpg http://i.imgur.com/r4cfmNw.png http://i.imgur.com/gk95NlD.png http://i.imgur.com/FsjqzPj.png Edward C. Mills published a series of copy slips of his vertical writing, alas I have been unable to locate a copy. If you have one please do scan it. It'd be extremely interesting to see: http://i.imgur.com/yPNn9RO.jpg ^ http://archive.org/stream/penmansartjourna19unse#page/78/mode/1up/ Note that Kelchner, Zaner and Doner were all skilled teachers and calligraphers in their own right. Here is an early bio. and photograph of Edward C. Mills from the same magazine in September 1895: http://i.imgur.com/QNiUVTx.jpg http://archive.org/stream/penmansartjourna19unse#page/199/mode/1up