Fountain Pen Chronology (5Th Release)

[simp]

I published here last version of my fountain pen Chronology more than 3 years ago. In the meantime, when it was going towards 1000 entries, maintaining it become more and more painful: it was written in 3 languages, italian, english and french, and I had duplication for the data inside each brand and model page on my wiki. So I avoided to publish upgrades being quite complex to have it coherent and complete.

 

Around an year ago I installed the semantic database on the wiki, that gave me the capability to automatically generate pages according to the data I could set in other pages, like I did creating patent lists ordered by brand, author or date from the single patent data. I was immediatly planning to use the same software also for maintaining chronology entries, but getting that right was quite complex, because there are brand related entries as model related ones, or just generic facts (like using shiro nibs in japan).

 

So it took a while to figure out a strategy and to convert all the old entries (that were just test written in each single page, with duplicated data and lack of coherence). But I just completed the task. In the meantime I reached the 1000 thousand milestone (now I have more than 1200 entries). Now the list will grow automatically, and if you want to look at it you can read this page:

 

http://www.fountainpen.it/Chronology

 

that is always up to date (it's automatically generated by the data).

 

But as i got many information from people here, I'm trying to give back some of what I take. So I'll try to publish here time to time a snapshot like the following one. It came by the previous page conversion to text, so if you want links you have to go to the original page.

 

Same advice as for the previous Chronology I published: after the '50s the chronology is quite empty, because I consider more recent pens uninteresting both for me and for the fountain pen history. Anyone is welcome to suggest addition, as to point error. Notes explains just some of the reason for taking a date instead of another (many of them are uncertain), or the source of the date, but all the details are explained in the wiki pages about brand and models.

 

Regards

Simone

 

 

************************ Chronology ************************

-- 1761 --
* Kaspar Faber starts a pencil production in Stein, is the Faber-Castell origin
-- 1770 --
* Nisbet Macniven founded a factory in Balerno, is the Cameron origin
-- 1788 --
* P. C. Lambertye starts a watercolors production, is the Paillard origin
-- 1790 --
* Hardtmuth is founded by Joseph Hardtmudt in Vienna
-- 1795 --
* Conté is founded by Nicolas-Jacques Conté as Société Conté
-- 1813 --
* Thomas De La Rue starts its activities in Guernsey, is the Onoto origin
-- 1827 --
* Gillot Steel Pens is founded by Joseph Gillott in Birmingham
-- 1832 --
* Carl Hornemann starts[1]a paint production factory, is the Pelikan origin
-- 1835 --
* Johann Sebastian Staedtler founded his pencil factory in Nuremberg, is the Staedtler origin
-- 1838 --
* printed the first catalog of the Hornemann's Paint and Ink Factory company, considered the official start of Pelikan activities
-- 1840 --
* John and Donald Cameron became Macniven partners founding Macniven & Cameron Ltd.
-- 1841 --
* George Sheppard started a gold nibs manufacturing company, is the Holland origin
-- 1842 --
* Mallat is founded by Jean Benoit Mallat in Parigi
-- 1843 --
* Swan is founded by John Mabie, Henry Todd in New York as Mabie, Todd and Co.
-- 1846 --
* Richard Cross and E. W. Bradbury begin their activities in the United States, is the Cross origin
-- 1848 --
* Morton is founded by Alexander Morton in New York as A. Morton & Co
-- 1850 --
* Brause is founded by Carl Brause, Friedrich Brause, Wilhelm Brause, Carl Bergfeld in Iserlohn
* J. M. Paillard succeed in business founded in 1788 by P. C. Lambertye
-- 1852 --
* Jean Benoit Mallat patents a metallic nib pen
-- 1856 --
* Eagle is founded by Heinrich Berolzheimer in New York as Eagle Pencil Company
* Esterbrook is founded by Richard Esterbrook in Camden, New Jersey as United States Steel Pen Manufacturing Company
-- 1858 --
* Carter is founded by William Carter in Boston, Massachusetts as William Carter Company
* Esterbrook is renamed as Esterbrook Steel Pen Manufacturing Company
* Spencerian is founded by Ivison Phinney in New York as Spencerian Steel Pen Co.
* Stafford's Ink is founded by S. S. Stafford in New York
-- 1861 --
* Venus is founded by Edward Weissenborn in Hoboken as American Lead Pencil Company
-- 1862 --
* John Holland acquire George Sheppard activity, giving birth to John Holland Pen Company
-- 1863 --
* Günther Wagner became a partner in the Hornemann's Paint and Ink Factory, future Pelikan
-- 1864 --
* Aikin Lambert is founded by James Cornelious Aikin, Henry Lambert in New York
* Jean Benoit Mallat patents the Siphoïde, a fountain pen ancestor
-- 1865 --
* Holland starts fountain pen production [2]
-- 1869 --
* Maruzen is founded by Yuteki Hayashi in Yokohama
-- 1871 --
* Günther Wagner buy the Hornemann's Paint and Ink Factory, future Pelikan, when Carl Hornemann retires
-- 1873 --
* Degussa is founded in Frankfurth as Deutsche Gold und Silber Scheideanstalt
* Jonhatan Sprague Bard join Mabie Todd that becomes Mabie Todd & Bard
-- 1875 --
* Soennecken is founded by Friederich Soennecken in Bonn as Soennecken Verlag
-- 1876 --
* Soennecken move to Boon
-- 1877 --
* Alonso T. Cross patents a stilographic pen and a new mechanical pencil
-- 1878 --
* Johan Faber starts the Johan Faber A. G., part of what will be the Faber-Castell
* Günther Wagner registers the Pelikan trademark, creating the Günther Wagner Pelikan
* Mabie Todd & Bard starts fountain pens production with the Calligraphic model
-- 1879 --
* Holland began fountain pens marketing
-- 1880 --
* Alonso T. Cross create his own company A. T. Cross - Pen and Pencil Manufacturer
-- 1881 --
* a Cross Pen Company is founded in Boston for fountain pen production, different from A. T. Cross
* De La Rue produced the Anti-Stylograph pen, a primordial fountain pen
-- 1882 --
* first fountain pen patent assigned to Paul E. Wirt
-- 1883 --
* Kaweco is founded by Luce, Ensslen in Heidelberg as Heidelberger Federhalterfabrik
* Waterman is founded by Lewis Edson Waterman in New York
-- 1884 --
* Holland open a new factory dedicated to fountain pens production
* Sterling Fountain Pen is founded by Rhodes G. Lockwood in Boston as Sterling Fountain Pen Company
* Swan Mabie Todd & Bard starts exporting fountain pens in England
* Lewis Edson Waterman get his first patent (nº US-293545) for a multi-channel feeder
* Wirt is founded by Paul E. Wirt in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania
-- 1885 --
* Paul Wirt patents an overfeed feeder
* Wirt opens a factory in Iron Street, Bloomberg
-- 1886 --
* Waterman introduces the first barrel worked mechanically
-- 1888 --
* Carter is incorporated as Carter's Ink Company
* Parker is founded by George S. Parker in Janesville, Wisconsin
* Waterman is incorporated as L. E. Waterman Company
-- 1889 --
* Hardtmuth introduce Koh-i-Noor pencils
* Holland is incorporated
* George S. Parker begin to make fountain pens
-- 1890 --
* Aikin Lambert starts fountain pen production
* Beaumel is founded by David W. Beaumel in New York as D. W. Beaumel & Co.
* Eagle create a glass cartridge pen
* Soennecken starts fountain pen production
* Swan Mabie Todd & Bard starts using the Swan trademark[3]
* Waterman introduces the first desk pen with conical end
* Wirt proclaims the sale of 350,000 pens
-- 1891 --
* Eagle introduces the Eagle Fountain Pen
* George S. Parker begin a partnership with William F. Palmer
-- 1892 --
* Diamond is founded in New York as Diamond Point Pen Company
* Heidelberger Federhalterfabrik, that will become Kaweco, begins fountain pen production[4]
* Parker is incorporated as The Parker Pen Company
* Waterman introduces the tapered cap models (patent nº US-512319)
-- 1894 --
* Parker patents (nº US-512319) the "Lucky Curve" feeder
-- 1895 --
* Siebert and Lowen, producer of Matador pens, is founded
* Onoto introduces the Pelican
* Staedtler register the Minerva trademark
* Wyvern is founded by David Finburgh, Alec Finburgh in Leicester as The Finburgh Bros
-- 1896 --
* Caw's is founded by Francis C. Brown in New York as Caw's Ink and Pen Company
* Esterbrook enter the english market
* Laughlin is founded by James W. Laughlin in Detroit as Laughlin Pen Company
-- 1897 --
* A. A. Waterman is founded by Arthur A. Waterman in Boston
-- 1898 --
* Conklin is founded by Roy Conklin in Toledo, Ohio as Self-Filling Fountain Pen Company
* Alexander Castell renames the A. W. Faber in A. W. Faber-Castell
* Parker patents the slip-on cap
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 4001 inks line
-- 1899 --
* H. Koch and R. Weber acquire the Heidelberger Federhalterfabrik, that becomes Kaweco
* Moore is founded by Walter F. Cushing, W. F. Cushman in Boston as American Fountain Pen Company
* Moore introduces the Moore Non-Leakable Fountain Pen
* Parker patents (nº US-622256 and nº US-635700) the Jointless Pen
* Summit is founded by Ernest Macauley Wade in Liverpool as Lang Co Ltd
* Waterman introduces the spoon feed
* Waterman introduces the first version of its pump filler
* Waterman introduces the n. 10 nib
* Williamson is founded by George H. Williamson in Janesville
-- 1900 --
* Fend is founded in Pforzheim
* Parker introduces the gold filigree Lucky Curve
* Staedtler register the Mars trademark
-- 1901 --
* A. A. Waterman is renamed as Modern Pen Company
* the Self Fountain Pen Co. is renamed as Conklin Pen Manufacturing Co
* Seth Sear Crocker patents the blow filler
* Staedtler register the Noris trademark
-- 1902 --
* A. A. Waterman get the patent for the twist filler
* Crocker is founded by Seth S. Crocker in Boston as Crocker Pen Company
* Uhlmann's Eterno is founded by Emil Uhlmann in Milano
-- 1903 --
* Etienne Forbin become agent for some U.S. writing instruments manufacturers, is the Bayard origin
* Conklin hires Mark Twain as testimonial in its advertisement campaign
* Eclipse is founded by Marx Finstone in San Francisco as Eclipse Fountain Pen Co.
* Kaweco introduces the KO-MIO mechanical pencil
* Eugène Moreau establish the Société Anonyme des anciens établissements Paillard
* Waterman introduces the second version of its pump filler
-- 1904 --
* Boston Pen is founded by Charles Brandt in Boston as Boston Fountain Pen Company
* Roy Conklin retires selling his quotes on the company (or 1907)
* Parker introduces a first filling system based on rubber sac squeezing
* Schnell is founded by Julius L. Schnell in New York as Julius L. Schnell Pen Company
* Lang Co Ltd is established in 13 Hope Street in Liverpool
* Waterman introduces its first overlay model
-- 1905 --
* Bankers is founded in New York as Bankers Pen Company
* Conway Stewart is founded by Frank Jarvis, Thomas Howard Garner in Londra
* Wahl Adding Machine Co. is founded, is the Eversharp origin
* la Holland introduces the sleeve filler
* Holland introduces the Eureka
* De La Rue introduces the first pen with the Onoto brand name
* Parker patents (nº US-778997) the spear-head feeder
* Perfection is founded by Jay G. Rider in Rockford as J. G. Rider Pen Company
* Soennecken registers the Soennecken trademark
* Soennecken introduces a safety filler lane
* American Lead Pencil Company registers the Venus trademark
* Waterman introduces the riveted Clip Cap (patent nº US-800141)
-- 1906 --
* la Holland introduces the pull filler
* August Eberstein start producing fountain pens in Germany
* Parker introduces the Emblem Pen
* Jonhatan Sprague Bard leaves Mabie Todd & Bard
* Waterman begin the acquisition of the Aikin Lambert
* Riccardo Amisani begins[5]his Williamson reseller activity
-- 1907 --
* Aikin Lambert introduces a pump filler model
* the Conklin Pen Manufacturing Co was renamed Conklin Pen Company (do not match with patent data)
* Parker introduces the Parker Snake
* Lang Co Ltd is liquidated to create Lang Pen Company
* Swan is incorporated as Mabie Todd & Co.
* Waterman introduces its first safety, called Safety Filler (or 1908)
-- 1908 --
* Byers & Hayes is founded in New York
* la Holland introduces the hatchet filler
* la Holland introduces the elastic feed
* Kaweco patents a safety pen with threaded bottom to be turned by screwing the cap (1909?)
* Montblanc is founded by August Eberstein, Alfred Nehemias, Claus-Johannes Voss in Hamburg as Simplo Filler Pen Co. GmbH
* Walter A. Sheaffer get the first patent (nº US-896861) for his lever filler
-- 1909 --
* Conway Stewart is incorporated as Conway Stewart & Co. Ltd
* Maurice Jandelle sell Conway Stewart pens in France under the Gold Star name, is the Gold Starry origin
* Montblanc introduces the Rouge et Noir
* Parker introduces the Red Giant
* SSS is founded by Asashiro Hosonuma as SSS Pen Company
* Swan starts fountain pen production in England
-- 1910 --
* Edacoto is founded by Jacques Bonhomme in Parigi as Edac
* Goldfink is founded in Berlin
* Montblanc introduces the first model called Montblanc
* Morrison is founded by Louis Morrison in New York as Morrison Fountain Pen Company
* Swan introduces the Safety Fountain Pen
* Swan introduces the Inksight
* la Waterman introduces the sleeve filler
* Waterman removes the external thread of the bottom on its Safety Filler
-- 1911 --
* Kaweco publish the first catalog, showing their initial models marked Kaweco
* first trace of Nettuno activities in an advertizement draft
* Onoto is incorporated as limited liability company
* Parker patents (nº US-990288) an improved Lucky Curve feeder, named spear-head
* SSS starts fountain pen production
* Sailor is founded by Kyugoro Sakata in Koze as Sakata Seisakusho Co
* Waterman complete the acquisition of the Aikin Lambert
-- 1912 --
* A. A. Waterman loses the lawsuit filed by Waterman and should mark his fountain pens as Not Connected with the L. E. Waterman Company
* Etienne Forbin registers Bayard trademark
* Gold Starry becomes a registered trademark
* Kaweco introduces the Kaweco 616 Sport forerunner (or 1911?)
* Montegrappa is founded by Edwige Hoffman, Heidrich Helm in Bassano del Grappa as Manifattura Pennini Oro per Stilografiche - The Elmo Pen
* Monterosa is founded by Fritz Dimmler in Zurich
* Parker introduces the Jack Knife
* the first fountain pens marked Sheaffer were produced[6]
-- 1913 --
* A. A. Waterman was refounded as The Modern Pen Company in West Virginia
* Onoto introduces some models in red/black mottled hard rubber called Antique (?)
* la Parker introduces a gold ring at the cap top for women's models
* la Parker introduces the button filler
* Sheaffer is founded by Walter A. Sheaffer in Fort Madison as W. A. Sheaffer Pen Company
* Soennecken extends the range of fountain pens with many models
* Waterman introduces the coin filler
-- 1914 --
* Walter Boss enters Cross
* Eversharp is founded by John C. Wahl in Chicago as The Wahl Company
* Eversharp enter the writing instrument market producing the Eversharp pencil
* Kaweco acquire Morton, taking their know how and starts its nib production in Heidelberg (1913?)
* the Simplo Fullfeder GmbH start official use of Montblanc trademark
* the Simplo Filler Pen Co. GmbH is renamed as Simplo Fullfeder GmbH
* Montblanc introduces its star logo
* Parker introduces the Black Giant
* la Waterman retires the coin filler
-- 1915 --
* Walter Boss buys Cross from Alonso Townsend Cross
* la Holland retires the pull filler
* Maruzen introduces the Orion
* Onoto introduces the Valvless
* Lang Pen Company is liquidated and re-established with the same name
* the English branch acquire the Mabie Todd & Co. becoming the Mabie Todd & Co. Ltd
* la Waterman retires the sleeve filler
* la Waterman introduces the lever filler
-- 1916 --
* Conklin introduces its spring clip
* Mallat starts fountain pen production
* Météore is founded by Demilly, Degen in Parigi as Manifacture Parisienne de P.P.R.
* Nettuno is founded by Umberto Vecchietti in Bologna
* Parker produces the Trench Pen for the U. S. War Department, given to soldiers to write from the front line
* Parker patents (nº US-1197224) the washer clip
* Tibaldi is founded by Giuseppe Tibaldi in Firenze as G. Tibaldi e C.
-- 1917 --
* Eversharp acquire the Boston Fountain Pen Company
* Eversharp introduces the Tempoint
* John Holland dies, his sons take over the management
* the American Fountain Pen Company becomes the Moore Pen Company
* Pagliero is founded by Luigi Pagliero in Settimo Torinese
* Parker retires the Red Giant
* Sheaffer create Morrison Plow Works plants
* Stilus is founded by Emilio Pecco in Torino as Pecco e C. Stilus
* Swan introduces models with ink pads for the soldiers at the front called Trench Pens
* Waterman introduces the new Waterman Standard Numbering System
-- 1918 --
* Giuseppe Zanini opens an activity named Arti Grafiche - Giuseppe Zanini, is the Ancora origin
* Columbus is founded by Eugenio Verga, Alfredo Verga in Milano as Alfredo Verga dei Fratelli Verga Snc
* Corona Co. is founded in Manchester
* Cross became producer for Parker mechanical pencils
* Geha is founded by Heinrich Hartmann, Conrad Hartmann in Hannover
* Franck LeBoeuf patents a pen production method from celluloid tubes
* Moore introduces the firsts lever filler models
* Morison is founded by Torajirou Tanigawa as Kikaku Pen Company
* Parker retires the Trench Pen
* Pilot is founded by Ryosuke Namiki, Matsuo Wada in Tokyo as Namiki Manufacturing Company
* Salz is founded by Jacob Salz, James Salz, Ignatz Salz in New York
* Wearever is founded by David Kahn in North Bergen, New Jersey as David Kahn Inc.
-- 1919 --
* Aurora is founded by Isaia Levi in Torino as Fabbrica Italiana Penne a Serbatoio Aurora
* Conway Stewart introduces the first lever filler and safety models
* la Holland retires the hatchet filler
* Mentmore is founded in London as Mentmore Manufacturing Company
* birth of the Stöffhaas stores chain (selling Montblanc only)
* Armando Simoni registers a business for "Lavorazione di articoli di penne in ebanite"
* Osmia is founded by Hermann Böhler in Dossenheim as Böhler und Cie
* Platinum is founded by Syunichi Nakata in Tokyo as Nakaya Seisakusho
* Ripet is founded by Emil Kroutl in České Budějovice
* Sterling Fountain Pen is sold to Francis A. Harrigan
* Stiassi e Tantini future owners of Scotland and Tabo trademarks, is founded
* Unic is founded by M. M. Kothe, Vannier
-- 1920 --
* A. A. Waterman was sold changing name in Chicago Safety Pen Company moving to Chicago
* Giuseppe Zanini founds the Fabbrica e Commercio di Penne Stilografiche e Raffinati Oggetti per Arti Grafiche
* Autopoint is founded by W. E. Gerry in Chicago as Autopoint Pencil Company
* Burnham is founded by Harry Burnham in London
* Conway Stewart introduces the Duro
* Conway Stewart registers the The Conway Stewart trademark
* Seth Sears Crocker left business and his son Seth Chilton Crocker took over the company
* De Witt-La France is founded by David J. La France, William P. De Witt in Cambridge, Massachussetts as De Witt - La France Co.
* Fratelli Cavaliere is founded in Milano
* Holland start using the lever filler
* John Hancock is founded in Boston as Pollock Pen Company
* Kosca is founded by Koheler e Schaefer in Milano
* Merz & Krell is founded by Friedrich Merz, Justus Krell, Georg Merz in Bieberau
* Morton ceases operations
* Parker start producing mechanical pencils
* la Sheaffer introduces the Lifetime warranted models
* Stiassi e Tantini register The Scotland Pen Italiana at the Chamber of Commerce of Bologna
* Stiassi e Tantini founds A.S.C.A. (Azienda Specializzata in Cancelleria ed Affini)
* Curzon, Lloyd & MacGregor Ltd, associated to Lang & Co, becomes the Curzon Ltd
* Swan introduces the Longshort (guess date, from this advertisement)
* Tibaldi introduces the Perfecta
-- 1921 --
* Astoria is founded by Georg Ilgner in Amburgo
* Conklin introduces the first lever filler models
* Dunn is founded by Charles Dunn in New York
* Ercolessi is founded by Edgardo Ercolessi in Milano
* Eversharp introduces the Wahl Engine Turned
* Gold Starry starts producing fountain pens in French
* Kaweco introduces the first lever filler models
* LeBoeuf is founded by Frank Le Boeuf, Edward E. Le Boeuf, Leroy J. Learned, John H. Williams, Eugene E. Le Boeuf in Springfield
* Montblanc retires the Rouge et Noir
* Montblanc introduces some lever filler models
* Montegrappa starts fountain pen production (guess date[7])
* Manifacture Parisienne de P.P.R. is renamed La plume d'or
* Nettuno registered the Penna Nettuno Sicurezza trademark for its pens
* Onoto introduces the InkPencil a stilographic model
* Onoto becomes a public limited company, changing ownership
* Onoto introduces a normal feeder instead of the initial overfeed (uncertain date)
* Parker retires the Black Giant
* Parker introduces the Duofold
* Stylomine is founded by Yves E. Zuber in Parigi
-- 1922 --
* Ettore Ripamonti becomes Aurora exclusive agent and published first catalog[8]
* Aurora introduces the A.R.A. that appears in the catalog, only in size 4
* Aurora publish the first catalog, with all its models: R.A., A.R.A., F.A. e F.A.S.
* Bayard Panici Freres & Co is founded, they will produce the Bayard pens
* Columbus introduced the Columbus 670 model (guess date[9])
* Conway Stewart introduces the Dinkie
* Conway Stewart introduces the Conway Stewart Universal
* Conway Stewart introduces the Pixie
* Edacoto starts its fountain pen production
* Eversharp retires the Tempoint
* Météore introduces first model with its trademark engraved on the cap
* Armando Simoni registers Officine Meccaniche di Precisione Simoni Armando
* Onoto introduces the Receder a safety model (or 1921?)
* Parker introduces the smaller size models Duofold Jr. and Lady Duofold
* Parker introduces the models Duofold Deluxe with the metal band at the cap edge
* Sheaffer replaces the imprint "SHEAFFER-CLIP" on clips with "Sheaffer'S"
* Sheaffer introduces the Skrip ink
-- 1923 --
* Aurora introduces also the 3, 35 and 5 sizes for the A.R.A model
* Autopoint Pencil Company is bought by Realite Pencil Company and renamed Autopoint Products Company
* Chilton is founded by Seth Chilton Crocker in Boston as Chilton Pen Company
* Conklin introduces the Duragraph
* Corona Pen Company is founded by Samuel V. Corona in Janesville, Wisconsin
* Eversharp introduces the Signature
* Eversharp remove PAT. APPL'D FOR stamp on the Wahl Engine Turned
* Onoto introduces its first lever filler models (1922 or 1924?)
* Theodor Kovacs patents the piston filler
* Pen-Co is founded by Rinaldo Rossi, Marcello Rossi in Sandrigo
* Pilot introduces the first hard rubber lacquer coated models
* Scripto is founded by Monie A. Ferst in Atlanta as M. A. Ferst Company
* Swan introduces the Eternal
* Waterman introduces the woodgrain mottled hard rubber
* Riccardo Amisani registers Williamson trademark
-- 1924 --
* Giuseppe Zanini establish his Fabbrica di penne stilografiche e commercio, stampe in genere e riproduzioni opere d'arte
* Aurora introduces red and mottled hard rubber
* Carter starts fountain pen production
* the Columbus trademark is registered
* Conklin introduces the Endura
* Conway Stewart introduces the Dandy
* Conway Stewart registers Dinkie and Duropoint trademarks
* Dunn get its first bankrupcy filing
* la Montblanc introduces the Meisterstück mark
* la Montblanc introduces the first Meisterstück pens (25, 35 and 45)
* Montblanc introduces its pneumatic filler
* Onoto introduces the Mammout 1800
* Onoto introduces a second tier production marked The De La Rue
* Pelikan introduces the stylized with a pelikan feeding four chicks logo (or 1926[10])
* Syunichi Nakata tranfer to Tokyo and found Nakaya Seisakusho Pen Co.
* Sheaffer starts converting the production of its Flattop models to celluloid
* Sheaffer introduces the White dot
* Sterling Fountain Pen ceases operations
-- 1925 --
* Ancora carries the production to Sesto Calende
* Aurora introduces an official clip for its pens
* Chilton introduces its new pneumatic filler (or 1924)
* Conklin retires the crescent filler
* Eclipse opens a canadian branch as indipendent company
* Gold Starry introduces the Goldstarry 256
* Gold Starry introduces the Goldstarry 257
* Holland convert production to celluloid
* KWG is founded by Frederik Grube, Heinrich Woringen, J. Knust in Wiesloch
* Luxor is founded by Heinrich Hebborn in Heidelberg as H. Hebborn & Co.
* Montegrappa started the production of Montegrappa branded models
* Montegrappa is bought by Alessandro Marzotto and Domenico Manea
* Moore introduces Red Dot warranty
* Omas is founded by Armando Simoni in Bologna as Officine Meccaniche Armando Simoni
* Onoto introduces the Princess Mary in blue hard rubber
* Parker introduces the Black-tipped Jade first celluloid models
* Pilot introduces Laccanite pens
* Platignum is founded in Londra as Platignum Pen Company
* Postal is founded in New York as Postal Pen Company Inc.
* Stylomine starts fountain pen production
* Tibaldi introduces Duofold like models (guess date[11])
* Tropen is founded by Gustav Schroeder in Ludenscheid
* Wirt is incorporated ad Paul Wirt Pen Co.
* Wirt is sold by its founder, it will continue production for a few years
-- 1926 --
* Aurora introduces a R.A.2 version produced for the Touring Club Italiano
* Carter introduces the The Carter Pen first fountain pens with its own name
* Chilton moves to Long Island and introduces first celluloid models
* Eversharp introduces the Rosewood hard rubber (???)
* Haro is founded by Hans Roggenbuck in Frömsdorf
* JiF is founded by Jules Fagard
* KWG introduces the Arumia
* Montegrappa is renamed as Manifattura Pennini Oro e Penne Stilografiche Elmo
* Parker introduces the Parker Pastels
* Parker converts all production to celluloid, starting from Duofold
* Pilot open representative offices in Singapore, New York and London
* Pilot introduces the first Maki-e pens
* Spors is founded by Frank Spors in Lesueuer Center, Minnesota
* Società Anonima Pennini King (The King), that will become SAFIS, is founded in Turin
* Waterman introduces the rippled hard rubber
-- 1927 --
* Ancora introduces the Rapid sub-brand for safety with precious metal overlays (guess date[12])
* Aurora introduces the Aurora Duplex
* Aurora start using celluloid (unsure[13])
* Autopoint starts fountain pen production
* Bayard introduces its first lever filler models
* Carter converts its production to celluloid
* Chilton introduces the second version of its pneumatic filler (or 1930?)
* the Alfredo Verga dei Fratelli Verga is closed, Eugenio Verga continue Columbus production alone
* Conway Stewart patents its button filler
* Dunn ceases operations
* Eversharp introduces celluloid models in the Jade Green, Lapis Blue and Coral Red colours
* Gold Starry introduces a lever filler model
* KWG introduces the Arumia Original
* KWG introduces the Colleg
* Moore introduces its first celluloid models
* Nettuno introduces its flat top model (guess date[14])
* Omas patents the Penna del dottore
* Omega A.V.M. is founded by Alfredo Verga in Milano
* Onoto productions is transferred to Strathendry in the Fifeshire, Scotland
* Parker convert Duofold from raised to flush band
* Pelikan acquire the piston filler patent and starts the Pelikan 100 development
* Pilot starts producing mechanical pencils
* Sager is founded by Salomon M. Sager in Chicago, Illinois
* Soennecken introduces lever filler models
* Swan introduces fist models in celluloid
* Waterman introduces the Ripple only for the No. 7
* Waterman introduces the nibs color code classification
-- 1928 --
* Aurora redesigns the Duplex model passing to whasher clip
* Eversharp introduces the Deco Band
* Eversharp introduces the Personal Point changeable nibs
* Eversharp introduces the Gold Seal mark for life warranty
* KWG introduces the Arumia Original
* KWG introduces the Arumia Meisterklasse
* Montblanc introduces celluloid models
* Onoto introduces celluloid models (or 1926?)
* Parker acquire Osmia for the european production
* Parker introduces the True Blue
* Parker introduces two rings on Duofold cap (three for the the De Luxe)
* Nakaya Seisakusho Pen Co. is renamed as Platinum Fountain Pen Co.
* Philipp Mutschler leaves Kaweco and founds Certo, future Reform
* Rotring is founded by Wilhelm Riepe in Amburgo as Tintenkuli Handels GmbH
* Sheaffer introduces the Pigmy
* Curzon, Lloyd & MacGregor Ltd and Lang & Co form L. Wilson & Co Ltd starting use of Summit brand
* Waterman introduces the Ripple in No. 5 size
* Waterman introduces the Waterman 9x in colored hard rubber
* Waterman introduces the white borded color band on the Ripple
* Wyvern starts using own branded nibs
-- 1929 --
* first known trademark registration (Reg. Gen. N. 40112) for Ancora
* Aurora underwent restructuring and starts the Olo and Asco sub-brands
* Bayard introduces the Bayard 446
* Bayard introduces its first celluloid models
* la Carter introduces the new pearltex material
* Carter introduces the Carter Pearltex Pen using the new material
* Columbus introduces the Columbus Extra
* Columbus patents its spoon filler
* Columbus starts celluloid production
* Conklin retires the Endura Flattop version
* Conklin introduces the Streamlined Endura Symetrik (or 1930?)
* Eversharp retires the Wahl Engine Turned
* Eversharp introduces the Equipoised
* Gold Starry retires previous models and convert all production to celluloid
* original Kaweco bankrupt, KWG acquire the trademark and the Kaweco Badische Füllhalterfabrik is born
* LUS is founded by Umberto Legnani in Saronno as L.U.S. di Umberto Legnani
* Montblanc retires the lever filler and the pneumatic filler
* Montblanc introduces button filler and the push-knob system
* Moore retires Red Dot warranty
* Parker retires the True Blue
* Parker introduces the streamlined version of the Duofold
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 100 the first piston filler
* Rupp is founded by Peter Rupp in Heidelberg
* Schnell introduces the Penselpen
* Sheaffer introduces the Balance starting the streamlined style
* Tripen is founded by George Coby in Providence as Tripen Manufacturing Company
* Waterman introduces the Waterman 9x in celluloid
* Waterman introduces the Patrician model in Onyx, Turquoise, Jet, Emerald and Nacre colors
-- 1930 --
* Ancora introduces celluloid models (guess date[12])
* Aurora joins Edacoto in the French market with Le Duo Moderne
* Aurora introduces the Aurora 42 a variant of Duplex with end lever filler (date uncertain)
* Aurora introduces the Superba
* Aurora introduces the Internazionale
* Aurora introduces the luxury version of the Duplex with three rings, decorative ring on top of the cap and clip inlaid (date uncertain)
* Bayard introduces the Normal
* Bayard introduces the De Luxe
* Carter company revises models using a streamlined style
* la Chilton introduces the Rocker clip
* Conklin introduces the All-American sub-brand for economic production (uncertain date[15])
* Corona di Mario Diaz is founded by Mario Diaz in Milano
* Cross introduces an enamelled bands fountain pen pairing with pencils
* Europa is founded
* Eversharp introduces the Brasilian Green celluloid
* Fendograph is founded in Milan by Fend
* Lamy is founded by Joseph Lamy in Heidelberg as Orthos Fullhalterfabrik C. J. Lamy
* LeBoeuf introduces its sleeve filler evolution (or 1931?)
* Littoria is founded in Roma
* Mallat introduces the Mallat 120
* Mallat introduces the Mallat 130
* Mastilo is founded by Ubaldo Massari in Torino
* Mentmore become a public company
* Montblanc restyling Meisterstück line with 20, 25, 30 and 40 models
* Montblanc starts engraving "4810" on nibs
* Montegrappa introduces its first celluloid models (guess date[7])
* Morans is founded by Anselmo Mora in Firenze
* Omas patents the second version of Penna del dottore
* Omas patents the Penna del calligrafo
* Parker retires from Osmia and the Osmia GmbH is founded
* Parker introduces the vest pocket Duofold
* Parker introduces the Vest Pocket Duette model
* Pelikan introduces two rings on the Pelikan 100 (November, or January 1931?)
* Pelikan introduces a round ventilation hole on Pelikan 100 (November, or January 1931?)
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 111 with 14k gold barrel and rings
* Dunhill become the world distributor of Dunhill-Namiki outside Japan
* Sheaffer introduces the blue Marine Green for Balance
* Soennecken introduces the Rheingold (912, 913 and 916)
* Soennecken introduces the button filler
* Stylomine introduces the Stylomine 303
* Waterman introduces the Lady Patricia in Onyx, Jet and Persian colors
* Zemax is founded by Massimiliano Zeme in Sesto Calende
-- 1931 --
* Atlantica is founded by Giacomo Capella in Milano
* Aurora introduces the Olo Lusso (guess date, stands for the beginning of '30s)
* Columbus introduces the streamlined version of the Columbus Extra
* Conklin introduces the Nozac
* Eversharp introduces the Doric
* Eversharp introduces the Oxford sub-brand
* A. W. Faber-Castell and Johan Faber A. G. start to join
* Gold Starry introduces the Rapex
* Omas introduces the Minerva Ellittica (guess date, refers to beginning of the '30s)
* Parker introduces the Burgundy Black Duofold
* Parker introduces the Quink ink
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan T111 also known as Toledo
* Pelikan introduces on the Pelikan 100 gray, coral, lapislazuli and yellow colors
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 110 with rolled gold barrel and cap
* Pelikan introduces a more streamlined cap head on the Pelikan 100
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 112 with 14k gold barrel and cap
* Pelikan introduces on the Pelikan 100 the celluloid barrel and the hard rubber section (starting june)
* Platinum starts mail order sales
* la Sheaffer introduces the Feathertouch nib
* Sheaffer introduces the blue color for Balance
* Soennecken introduces the celluloid in the Rheingold models
* Stiassi e Tantini registers the The Scotland Pen Italiana trademark
* after Benelli was leaving the brand simply becomes Tibaldi
* Tibaldi introduces the Infrangibile (guess date, refers to beginning of the '30s)
* Tibaldi replace the ball clip with a drop clip (guess date, refers to beginning of the '30s)
-- 1932 --
* Ancora introduces the Ancora Duplex (guess date, stands for the beginning of '30s)
* Astoria is sold to Montblanc
* Bayard introduces the Superluxe
* Bayard introduces the Special 8
* Carter retires from fountain pen market
* Degussa acquire the Osmia nib production unit
* Edacoto introduces its own Duofold-style models
* Electa is founded by Davide Ceriani in Sesto Calende as Primaria Fabbrica Penne Stilografiche
* Eversharp retires the Deco Band
* Eversharp retires the Equipoised
* la Eversharp introduces the Adjustable Point nibs
* Eversharp introduces the Bantham
* Montblanc introduces the III economic line
* Météore introduces the Pullman
* Météore introduces new lever filler models
* Omas introduces the Omas Extra
* Parker introduces the Thrift Time
* Parker introduces sample of the Golden Arrow, the Vacumatic forerunner
* Pelikan introduces the Rappen
* Sheaffer stops production of the blue Balance model
* la Swan introduces the leverless filler
* Swan introduces the Swan Leverless
* Uhu is founded by August Fischer in Baden as UHU Werk H.u.M.
* Unic introduces the Duocolor
* Waterman introduces the Moss Agathe Patrician
* Zerollo is founded by Dante Davide Zerollo in Genova
-- 1933 --
* Aurora introduces the Novum [16]
* Bayard introduces the Superluxe Grosse Containance
* Bayard introduces the Luxe
* Conway Stewart introduces the International
* Conway Stewart introduces the Scribe
* the Canadian and the U.S. Eclipse are re-united under a single property
* Edacoto introduces the Edacoto 104
* Edacoto introduces streamlined models with up to five cap-rings
* Edacoto introduces "Edacoto" marked clips[17]
* Eversharp produce some Bantham with the Century of Progress Exhibition mark
* Gold Starry introduces small pen in preciuos metal from Viala Lilliput
* LeBoeuf ceases operations
* Kikaku Pen Company is renamed as Morison
* Omas introduces the Extra round smooth version (guess date[18])
* Parker retires the Thrift Time
* Parker introduces the Vacumatic
* Pelikan introduces the single vent hole on the cap and a curved section on the 100
* Sheaffer patents (nº US-1926405) its plunger filler later called Vacuum-Fil
* Soennecken restyles the Rheingold lane (models 1911, 1913, 1915 and 1917)
* Stylomine introduces the Stylomine 303B
* Stylomine introduces the Stylomine 303C
* Swan introduces more streamlined models (or 1934)
* Waterman introduces the No. 7 and No. 5 models in celluloid
* Waterman introduces the 32 (?) models in celluloid
-- 1934 --
* Aurora introduces the Asterope
* Panici Freres & Co is renamed Stylo Bayard and the trademark "Bayard" is engraved on clips
* Conklin introduces the Word gauge on the Nozac
* Conway Stewart introduces the Cracked Ice celluloid
* Eversharp patents (nº US-1980159) the Adjustable Point nib
* Kaweco introduces the Colleg
* Kaweco introduces the Dia
* LUS starts fountain pen production
* the Simplo Fullfeder GmbH is renamed as Montblanc-Simplo GmbH
* Montblanc introduces the piston filler
* Omas introduces the Minerva Classica
* Pagliero registers the Red Circle trademark (Reg. Gen. N. 51267)
* Parker introduces the Parkette
* Pelikan introduces the Auch Pelikan pencil
* Pelikan retires yellow color for the 100
* Pelikan modifies Rappen nib imprint
* SAFIS register the Radius trademark (Reg. Gen. N. 50489)
* Società Anonima Pennini King (The King) becomes Società Anonima Fabbrica Italiana Stilografiche (SAFIS) (guess date[19])
* Sheaffer introduces the Wasp sub-brand
* Sheaffer introduces the Vacuum-Fil sub-brand
* la Stylomine retires the retractable nib
* Waterman reduces Patrician colours to Onyx, Moss Agate and Jet only
-- 1935 --
* Aurora introduces the Olo F (guess date, stands for the mid '30s)
* Aurora introduces the Aurora ML (date uncertain[20])
* Aurora introduces the Olo Gamma (guess date, stands for the mid '30s)
* Bayard introduces a decorated band on Superluxe model
* Böhler is founded by Hermann Böhler in Heidelberg
* Camel is founded by Joseph Wustman in Orange, New Jersey
* Chilton introduces the Wing-flow
* Columbus introduces the Columbus Extra Faccettata
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 3x (guess date, stands for the mid '30s)
* Columbus introduces the arrow clip (date approximate)
* Conway Stewart become a public company
* Conway Stewart introduces the diamond clip
* Esterbrook introduces the Dollar Pen
* Faber-Castellbegins Osmia acquisition
* Kaweco introduces the Sport
* Montblanc introduces the telescopic piston filler
* Montblanc introduces a three digit numbering system
* Montegrappa introduces the Montegrappa Extra brand (guess date[21])
* Montegrappa introduces faceted models
* Onoto introduces the Visible-ink in transparent celluloid
* Osmia introduces the Brilliant
* Osmia introduces the Supra
* Osmia introduces the Supra Luxus
* Osmia introduces the Osmia Brilliant
* Osmia introduces the Supra Progress
* Osmia introduces the Progress
* Parker retires the Duofold that no longer appear in the catalogs[22]
* Pelikan Portuguese production take the Emegê imprint
* Pelikan introduces the colors brown and tortoise on the 100, the last one was retired soon after
* Pelikan introduces the colors red, blue, green, tortoise and lizard skin on the 101
* Pelikan imprint the nib size on the feeder
* Pelikan introduces the 101 version with short cap head
* Platinum starts a Maki-e production, introducing the Kanshitsu and pearl inlay styles
* Radius introduces the Radius Extra (guess date, stands for the mid '30s)
* Rotring change name in Riepe Werk
* Sheaffer introduces the Vacuum-Fil on the primary production (on Balance model)
* Soennecken introduces the Präsident
* Soennecken introduces the firsts piston filler models
* Swan introduces the Visofil "V" series
* death of Giuseppe Tibaldi, direction passes to his nephew, Giorgio Schiassi
* Tibaldi restyles the Infrangibile in three versions (guess date, refers to '30s)
* Waterman introduces the Ink-Vue
-- 1936 --
* deemed disposal of the Astoria brand by Montblanc
* Aurora introduces the Etiopia
* Aurora restyles the Novum (uncertain date[23])
* Chilton introduces inlaid user intials on the Wing-flow
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 55
* Columbus moved into the new headquarters of Via Lamarmora in Milan
* la Eversharp introduces the Ink Shut-off
* Eversharp introduces the Coronet
* Eversharp introduces the plunger filler
* Faber-Castell introduces a Faber-Castell marked model
* Filippo Giriodi and Livio Campanelli registers the Itala Cromograf trademark (Reg. Gen. N. 54492)
* Mallat introduces the Mallat 150
* Mallat introduces the Integral
* Nettuno introduces the Nettuno Superba
* Omas introduces the Lucens
* Omas introduces the Extra Lucens
* Omas the stantuffo tuffante filling system
* Omas replace the band with three rings on the round Omas Extra cap
* Parker introduces the Challenger
* Parker introduces the Vacumatic Golden Web
* Parker produces only for this year the Senior for Vacumatic
* Pelikan retires the Rappen on german market replacing it with the Ibis model
* Pelikan introduces the Ibis
* Pelikan introduces the 100 with smooth bottom called 100C
* Pelikan introduces brown/tortoise color for the la 101
* Pelikan imprint the nib size on the plunger back
* Reform is founded in Nieder-Ramstadt as Reform Füllfederhalter-fabrik Gmbh
* Saratoga is founded by Edoardo Russo Webber in Milano
* la Sheaffer introduces the Visulated system for ink visibility
* Sheaffer introduces the radius clip on the Balance
* Stiassi e Tantini registers the new trademark Scotland Italiana
* Waterman retires the Patrician
* Waterman introduces the De Luxe version of the Ink-Vue
* Waterman introduces the double lever for the Ink-Vue
* Waterman introduces the Lady Patricia with Ink-Vue filler
* Waterman launch on French market by JiF agent some glass cartridge filler models
-- 1937 --
* Ancora introduces the Maxima (guess date, coincident with the trademark registration, Reg. Gen. N. 56845)
* Ancora introduces the Da-Ma (guess date, coincident with the trademark registration, Reg. Gen. N. 56845)
* Aurora introduces the Superna
* Aurora introduces the Topolino
* Aurora the colored Etiopia (date uncertain, but after the introduction)
* Bayard rename the Luxe line as Special Luxe
* Chilton patents the Lox-Top cap
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 112 (guess date, stands for the second half of the '30s)
* Columbus introduces on the Columbus Extra a shorter band with chessboard decorations
* Columbus introduces a Columbus Extra version with smooth band and arrow clip
* la Conklin introduces the Cushon Point nibs
* Conklin introduces the One Stroke
* Edacoto introduces stepped shaped clips with arrow point (or 1935?)
* japanese brands are forced to use steel nibs, called shiro nib
* Kaweco introduces the Kaweco Elite
* Onoto introduces the Onoto Magna
* Onoto introduces the Minor
* Onoto introduces the Dainty
* Pagliero change name in Luigi Pagliero e F.
* Parker retires the Vacumatic Golden Web
* Parker introduces the Speedline Vacumatic
* Pelikan retires the Pelikan T111
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 101N (foreing market)
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 100N (foreing market)
* Pelikan retires the gray, blue, red and brown colors for the 100
* Pelikan retires the red, brown/tortoise and tortoise colors for the 101
* Pelikan markets a piston filler Rappen in the Netherlands and Argentina
* Pelikan introduces the "Pd" palladium nib on Ibis
* Sheaffer introduces the Wasp Clipper
* Sheaffer introduces the 57 model, that will be named Crest
* Soennecken restyles the Rheingold lane (models 613 and 616)
* Staedtler change name in Mars Pencil and Fountain Pen Factory
* Stylomine introduces the Stylomine 303V
* Swan introduces the "VT" series for the Visofil model
-- 1938 --
* Ancora carries the production to Arona
* Aurora retires the Etiopia (date uncertain)
* Aurora introduces the Optima
* Bayard introduces the Niveauclair with visible ink level
* Bayard introduces another band in the Special Luxe
* Chilton transfer activities to Summit, in New Jersey
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 10x
* Columbus introduces the piston filler
* Conklin retires the Endura Symetrik
* Conklin retires the Nozac
* all Conklin assets are sold to a Chicago investor group
* Conklin introduces the Glider
* Edacoto introduces the Super Edacoto 200 also called Visible
* Eversharp introduces the Pacemaker
* Eversharp introduces the Air-lite
* Luxor transfers the production facilities in Cologne
* Montblanc starts producing piston filler only
* Omas introduces an arrow clip on the Extra Lucens model
* Parker introduces the Shadow Wave version of Vacumatic
* Pelikan retires the Pelikan 11x
* Pelikan retires the Pelikan 101
* Pelikan introduces the 100N luxury versions 100N Gold, 101N Weisgold, 100N Toledo, 101N Gold
* Pelikan starts using the logo with two chicks (?)
* Pelikan starts general use of palladium nibs (marked "Pd")
* Pelikan introduces in the german market the 100N
* Pelikan introduces in the german market the 100N
* the Pilot logo take the "P" letter instead of "N"
* Pilot is renamed as Pilot Pen Co., Ltd.
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 507
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 510
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 506
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 510S
* Stylomine introduces the Stylomine 303D
* Tibaldi introduces the Tibaldi Lusso (guess date[24])
* Tibaldi introduces the Impero (guess date[25])
-- 1939 --
* Aurora introduces the Selene (following Luca De Ponti, Letizia Jacopini talks about 1940)
* Aurora introduces the Biancaneve
* Aurora introduces the Platiridio nibs
* Aurora introduces the Optima second version, with triangular clip
* Chilton introduces the Golden Quill
* Colorado is founded by Orlando Quadretti in Bologna
* Conklin production is transferred to Chicago
* Lamy introduces the Favorit (guess date)
* Lamy acquire Artus Fullaltergesellschaft Kaufmann und Co (guess date)
* Montegrappa introduces the cap engraving of the MG initials within a circle (guess date[26])
* Montegrappa introduces the piston filler (guess date[27])
* Pagliero registers the mark LPF in a diamond (Reg. Gen. N. 58632)
* Parker retires the Parkette
* Parker retires the Challenger
* Parker introduces the Duofold Geometric
* Parker completed the Parker 51 development
* L. & C. Hardtmuth offers a piston filler Rappen
* Pelikan replace on all models gold and palladium nibs with chromiun-nichel nibs (marked "CN") for war restrictions
* Perop is founded by Vladimír Kaiser, Emil Kroutl, Adolf Krygar, František Zeman in Prague
* Pilot introduces the Pilot R
* la Sheaffer introduces the Flo-rite feed
* la Sheaffer introduces the Chem-o-pure ink
* Sheaffer introduce the Carmine Red color for the striped Balance
* Stiassi e Tantini become S.I.S.A. (Società Italiana Stilografiche e Affini) and starts usinig Tabo trademark
* Stilus introduce the Osmiria steel nibs (approximate date[28])
* Tabo introduces the Tabo Mentis (guess date, stands for the end of '30s)
* Tabo introduces the Tabo Rientrante (guess date, stands for the end of '30s)
* Tabo introduces the Tabo Trasparente (guess date, stands for the end of '30s)
* Waterman retires the Waterman No. 3
* Waterman retires the Waterman No. 7 & No. 5
* Waterman retires the Waterman 9x
* Waterman introduces the Hundred Year
* Waterman introduces the Waterman 5116
* Zemax is officially registered as Zeme Massimo e C. Soc. Anonima
-- 1940 --
* Aurora restyles the Novum a second time(uncertain date[29])
* Aurora introduces third Optima version, with tapered clip, three rings and metal decorations on the ends
* Bayard introduces the Superstyl
* Bayard restyles the Luxe with more streamlined shapes
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 25 (someone reports second half of '30s)
* Esterbrook introduces the Esterbrook 9000
* Eversharp retires the Bantham
* the Wahl Company Co. and Eversharp Inc. are fused into Eversharp Inc.
* Eversharp register the patent (nº US-2255093) for the Magic Feed
* Omas replace the band with three rings on the faceted Omas Extra cap
* Omas introduces Permanio nibs
* Parker retires the Duofold Geometric
* Parker retires the Vacumatic Shadow Wave
* Parker introduces the Laidtone Duofold
* Parker retires the Vacumatic Burgundy color
* Parker introduces the Blue Diamond life warranty (or 1939?)
* Parker introduces in South America and the Caribbean
* Sheaffer introduces the Skyboy
* Sheaffer introduces the Tuckaway
* Sheaffer introduces the Balance in the Defender version
* Sheaffer dismiss (?) Wasp sub-brand production
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken S4
* Swan retires the Blackbird BT
* S.I.S.A. (owner of Tabo trademark) become F.I.S.A. (Fabbrica Italiana Stilografiche e Affini) (approximate date[30])
-- 1941 --
* Bayard introduces the Super Luxe
* Chilton ceases operations
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 29
* Edacoto introduces the Super Edacoto
* Edacoto introduces lever filler models with stairstep clip
* Esterbrook introduces the Esterbrook J
* la Eversharp retires the Oxford line
* Eversharp retires the Coronet
* Eversharp retires the Pacemaker
* Eversharp retires the Air-lite
* Eversharp retires the Doric
* Eversharp introduces the Skyline
* Itala Cromograf is founded by Filippo Giriodi, Livio Campanelli in Genova as Società anonima vendita penne bicolore Itala Cromograf
* Météore introduces the Record
* Météore introduces the Prior
* Météore introduces the Selection
* Nettuno introduces the Nettuno Docet (guess date[31])
* Parker introduces the Parker 51 on the global market
* Parker introduces the Vacumatic Maxima with round bottom
* Radius introduces the Radius Extra Trasparente (guess date, stands for the beginning of '40s)
* Radius introduces the Radius Superior Trasparente (guess date, stands for the beginning of '40s)
* Reform Füllfederhalter-fabrik Gmbh becomes the Reform Füllfederhalter-fabrik Heinz & Jung
* Swan ends production in New York
* Waterman introduces a 5$ mid line pen, that next year will become the Commando
* Waterman introduces the Inkquaduct feeder[32]
-- 1942 --
* Columbus factory is destroyed by bombing, production is moved to Lesa
* Estense is founded by Maria Pozzetti in Modena as Marca Estense
* Inoxcrom is founded by Manuel Vaqué Ferrandis in Barcellona as Industrial MAVA
* Morrison introduces the Patriot
* Météore introduces the steel Vaedium nibs
* Pelikan stops Ibis production
* Pelikan produce war version for Pelikan 100 without metal rings for the internal marked (June)
* Pelikan stop production for the luxury version of Pelikan 100N
* Pelikan replace the piston cork seal with black plastic (October)
* Pelikan produce war version for Pelikan 100N without metal rings for the internal marked
* la Sheaffer introduces the conic Triumph Nib
* Sheaffer introduces the Triumph
* Sheaffer retires some Balance models
* Stylomine introduces the Stylomine 302 mechanical pencil
* Stylomine introduces a wheat ear engraved decoration of the clip
* Swan retires the Visofil
* Waterman introduces the Commando
* Waterman replace the Hundred Year with the Emblem
-- 1943 --
* Bayard introduces the Excelsior with changeable nib
* Edacoto introduces the Edacoto 87 "Le stylo de France"
* Esterbrook restyles the J converting the twist filler to lever filler
* Eterpen is founded by Lazlo Biro in Buenos Aires
* Eversharp introduces the Fifth Avenue
* Mallat introduces the Plexigraf
* Pelikan totally stops production for internal market
* Stylomine introduces a grape engraved decoration of the clip
* Waterman introduces the Waterman 1003
-- 1944 --
* Mallat introduces the Junior Plexigraf
* Montblanc plant is destroyed by a bombing
* Pelikan retires the Pelikan 100
* Pelikan totally stops production in Germany
-- 1945 --
* Aurora plants are destroyed by a bombing
* Eversharp introduces the CA ballpoint pens starts appearing in the USA market
* Reynolds is founded by Milton Reynolds in Chicago as Reynolds International Pen Company
* Sheaffer introduces the wire-band
* Sheaffer introduces the short nib on the Tuckaway
* Soennecken restart production with Soennecken 504, Soennecken 506, Soennecken 507 and Soennecken 510 models
* Waterman introduces the Taperite
-- 1946 --
* Ancora introduces the Ancora Lusso (guess date, stands for just after WWII)
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 13x (or 1948[33])
* Columbus restarts production in Milan factory
* Eversharp retires the Fifth Avenue
* Hans Roggenbuck is expelled from East Germany, Haro stops the activity
* Industrial MAVA is renamed as Inoxcrom
* Mallat introduces the Plexicolor
* Montegrappa introduces the Montegrappa 2xx (guess date[34])
* Montegrappa introduces the Montegrappa 3xx (guess date[35])
* Moore introduces the Fingertip
* Omas renew the Extra model introducing the new piston filler models 555, 556 and 557
* Omas retires the traditional lever filler Extra
* Osmia restarts production
* Pagliero introduces the Fulgens
* la Parker introduces the Red band filler on the Parker 51
* Sheaffer retires the Balance in the remaining version
* Sheaffer introduces firt ball pens
* Curzon change name in Summit Pens Ltd (guess date, stands for just after WWII)
* Tabo introduces the Vertex
* Tabo introduces the Tabo S
* Tabo introduces the Tabo V
* Tabo introduces the Tabo CO
* Tibaldi restyles the Trasparente (guess date[36])
* Waterman retires the Commando
-- 1947 --
* Aurora introduces the Aurora 88 designed by Marcello Nizzoli
* Bayard introduces a Special 8 new version
* Bayard introduces a Special Luxe new version
* Bayard introduces a Bayard 4 new version
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 5x (guess date[9])
* Edacoto introduces an Edacoto 87 new version, with transparent barrel
* Montblanc starts Danmark production
* Montegrappa was re-established as "Elmo - Montegrappa s.n.c."
* Onoto restart Magna production, also with lever filler
* la Parker retires the Red band filler on the Parker 51
* Parker introduces the Parker VS
* Parker introduces the new 51 arrow clip
* Parker introduces the Parker 51 Demi
* Pelikan restart production
* Pelikan introduces a new 100N version with a single nib band and lined clip (?)
* Sheaffer introduces the Fineline
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 116
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 120
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 110
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 112
* Stylomine introduces the Stylomine 404 mechanical pencil
-- 1948 --
* Bayard retires the Excelsior
* Conklin ceases operations
* Edacoto introduces the Pointor a button filler ball pen
* Esterbrook restyles the J using jewels at both ends
* Eversharp retires the Skyline
* Eversharp introduces the Symphony designed by Raymond Loewy
* Eversharp introduces the Envoy
* Hans Roggenbuck re-founded Haro in Regensburg
* LUS starts ballpens production
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 14x
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 24x
* Omas introduces the Omas 361
* Omas restyles the 55x with new versions: ogival (55x/S) and faceted (55x/F)
* Parker retires the Laidtone Duofold
* Parker retires the Vacumatic
* la Parker introduces the Superchrome Ink
* Parker introduces the Parker 21
* Parker turns the 51 to the aerometric filler
* Pilot creates the Nagoya ink factory and the Hiratsuka pens factory
* Pilot entered the market of stationery products
* Platinum introduces ballpoint with water based ink, forerunner of the roller pens
* Ripet ceases operations
* Sailor introduces the Parley Line
* Sailor began producing a line of celluloid pens
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 444 (guess date, stands for the period between 1947 and 1950)
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 111 (guess date, stands for the period between 1947 and 1950)
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 222 (guess date, stands for the period between 1947 and 1950)
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 333 (guess date, stands for the period between 1947 and 1950)
* Stiassi e Tantini ceases operations
* Stylomine introduces the Stylomine 707 ballpoint
* Wyvern introduces the Wyvern 707
-- 1949 --
* Ancora introduces the Calamus (guess date, stands for the end of '40s)
* Bayard introduces the Capostil
* Bayard introduces the Superstyl in a new version
* Bayard introduces the Special 8 economic version
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 40 (guess date, stands for the end of '40s)
* Conway Stewart introduces the Conway Stewart 58
* Esterbrook introduces the Esterbrook SM
* Faber-Castell began producing ballpoint pens
* Matador introduces the snap cap with the Matador-Click model
* Parker retires the Parker VS
* la Parker introduces the Parker 51 Flighter version
* Pelikan restart production of gold nibs
* Pelikan restart production of the Ibis model as IBIS 130
* Pelikan removes the edge on the 100N section
* la Sheaffer introduces introduces the Touch Down filler
* Sheaffer introduces the Touchdown
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 414
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 420
* Soennecken introduces the Soennecken 410
* Staedtler starts ballpoint production
-- 1950 --
* Bayard introduces the Super Bayard
* Conway Stewart introduces the Conway Stewart 60
* Faber-Castell introduces the Gentleman
* Geha starts fountain pen production
* Holland ceases operations
* Kaweco introduces the Carat
* Montblanc introduces the new 24x with the spaten clip
* Omas introduces the Omas 35x
* Parker introduces the Parker 41
* Parker introduces the Parker 51 Special
* Parker reintroduces the Parkette
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 400
* Pelikan introduces and retires sriped green and tortoise colors like the ones of 400
* Pelikan introduces gold nibs on Ibis also for internal market
* Pilot introduces the Pilot Super
* Sheaffer retires the Tuckaway
* Sheaffer introduces the Sheaffer TM
* Waterman introduces the Skywriter
-- 1951 --
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 90
* Faber-Castell complete Osmia acquisition
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 34x (guess date[37])
* Montegrappa was re-established as "Fabbrica Penne Stilografiche Elmo Montegrappa s.r.l."
* Moore retires the Fingertip
* Météore introduces the Pulseur with accordion filler
* Omas introduces the Minerva 60 (guess date, stands for the beginning of '50s)
* Parker retires the Parker 41
* Parker retires the imprinting date code on USA produced Parker 51
* Pelikan retires the 101N in coloured celluloid
* Pelikan retires the grey color of 100N
* Stylomine introduces metal cap on Stylomine 303D model
* Stylomine introduces metal cap on Stylomine 303V model
* Williamson ceases operations
-- 1952 --
* Columbus introduces the Columbus 70 (guess date, stands for the beginning of '50s)
* Lamy introduces the Lamy 27
* Montblanc retires the Montblanc 139
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 74x
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 149
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 64x
* Montblanc introduces the Monterosa economic line
* la Pelikan retires the CN nib
* Platinum is the first Japanese producer creating injection molding plastic pens
* la Sheaffer introduces the snorkel filling system
* Sheaffer introduces the Snorkel Pen
-- 1953 --
* Aurora introduces the Aurora 88K
* Eversharp retires the Symphony
* Eversharp retires the Envoy
* Eversharp introduces the Ventura
* Montblanc restyles the 34x line (or 1954?)
* la Parker retires stops imprinting date code on the Parker 51 produced outside the USA
* Parker retires again the Parkette line
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 140
* Pelikan makes the 100N nib group removable with the aid of a special key
* Pelikan introduces the new transparent plastic piston seal for the 100N
* Rotring introduces the Rapidograph
* Sheaffer retires the Fineline
* Sheaffer introduces the TIPdip
* Waterman introduces the Waterman CF
-- 1954 --
* Conway Stewart introduces the Conway Stewart 100
* Cross enters ballpoint market
* japanese nibs have the JIS (Japan Industrial Standards) mark imprinted
* Montblanc retires the Montblanc 24x
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 25x
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 26x
* Montblanc disposes of the gold versions of 640 series
* Montblanc disposes of the gold versions of 740 series
* Omas start producing the 361 in plastic
* Parker introduces the Made in USA imprint on Parker 51 cap
* Pelikan retires the IBIS 130
* Pelikan retires the Pelikan 100N
* Pelikan introduces nibs with its logo and starts engraving cap band on Pelikan 400
* Stilus ceases operations
* Waterman USA ceases production, but Jif-Waterman is still active
-- 1955 --
* Columbus production is totally converted to plastic models (guess date, stands for the the mid-50s)
* Conway Stewart introduces the Conway Stewart 22 Floral
* Edacoto introduces hooded nib models
* Faber-Castell introduces the Osmia 44x
* Faber-Castell introduces the Osmia 88x
* Montblanc restyles of the 34x serie
* Onoto introduces the Onoto K
* Pagliero acquire the Stilus trademark
* Pelikan retires the Pelikan 400
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 400N
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 120
* Rotring introduces the Rollkuli second version
* Summit ceases operations
* Wyvern ceases operations
-- 1956 --
* Aurora introduces the Aurora 888
* Bayard introduces the Souverain de Luxe
* Diamond ceases operations
* Montblanc move the Montblanc engraving on cap
* Moore ceases operations
* la Parker retires the Superchrome Ink
* Parker introduces the Parker 61
* Parker removes references to the Superchrome Ink on the Parker 51 filling system
* Pelikan retires the Pelikan 400N
* the IBIS 130 E Elektrographik appears in a swiss catalog
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 400NN
* Sailor ends the production of its line of celluloid pens
* the Pulsapen is produced by Stylomine, Météore, Paillard and Unic
* American Lead Pencil Company becomes the Venus Pen and Pencil Corp.
-- 1957 --
* Aurora introduces the Duo-Cart (or 1954?)
* Conway Stewart introduces ballpoint and turns production to molded plastic
* the Eversharp writing instrument division is sold to Parker
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan P1
* Pelikan introduces white trimmings on the 140 with CN nibs
* Platinum introduces cartridge filler pens
* Tibaldi is sold to Remo Pagliuca
* Waterman introduces the X-pen
-- 1958 --
* Aurora introduces the Aurora 88P
* Bayard introduces the accordion filler for the Souverain de Luxe
* Edacoto introduces cartridge filler models
* Montblanc introduces wing nib on 64x
* Montblanc introduces wing nib on 64x
* Montblanc produces 34x in green, red and gray, and with clear window
* Montblanc produces 25x in green, red and gray, and with clear window
* Onoto ceases operations in England, activities are selled to Australian reseller
* Sheaffer introduces the Lady Sheaffer as a Skripsert model
-- 1959 --
* the Visor Pen is produced by Evergood, Edacoto, Mallat, Gold Starry, Walkover and Soma
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 9x
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 2x
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 3x
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 7x
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 1x
* Montblanc introduces the Montblanc 8x
* Montblanc retires all models except 149
* Montblanc ceased Danmark production
* Sheaffer retires the Snorkel Pen
* Sheaffer introduces the PFM
* Waterman american plants are sold at BIC
-- 1960 --
* Montblanc retires the Montblanc 34x
* Paillard ceases fountain pen production (?)
* Parker introduces the Parker 45
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikano
-- 1961 --
* Omas introduces the Omas VS (lower limit from an advertisement of this year)
* Omas introduces the Omas CS (lower limit from an advertisement of this year)
* Pilot starts producing ballpoint
* Sheaffer introduces the Imperial
-- 1962 --
* Kaweco introduces hooded nib models
* Parker introduces the Parker VP
-- 1963 --
* Aurora introduces the Aurora 98 designed by Abe Steiner
* Onoto ceases operations also in Australia
* Pilot introduces the Capless
* Reform is bought by Philipp Mutschler sons
* Sheaffer retires the TIPdip
* Sheaffer dismiss the "Sheaffer'S" logo
* Sheaffer reduce PFM production to III and V models
-- 1964 --
* Cameron ceases operations
* Kaweco introduces the Kaweco VP
* Parker introduces the Parker 75
* Pilot introduces the Elite
-- 1965 --
* Aurora introduces the Auretta
* Burnham ceases operations
* Pagliero stops using Stilus trademark (guess date[38])
* Parker retires the Parker 21
* Parker retires the Parker VP
* Parker use a section with plastic threads on the 75
* Pelikan retires the Pelikan 400NN
* Pelikan retires the Pelikan 140
* Pelikan introduces the Pelikan 30
* Pilot review the Capless model
* Rotring use the red ring (Rotring) as official trademark
* Tibaldi ceases operations
-- 1966 --
* Lamy introduces the Lamy 2000
-- 1967 --
* Soennecken the company fails and ceases production
* Venus merges with Esterbrook becoming Venus-Esterbrook
-- 1968 --
* Parker remove the 0 central mark on the 75 ring
* Pilot introduces the telescopic model ?
* Sheaffer retires the PFM
-- 1970 --
* Aurora introduces the Hastil designed by Marco Zanuso
* Brause stops fountain pen production
* Parker introduces the Parker T1
* Pelikan introduces the gold nibs on the 30 model
-- 1971 --
* Esterbrook ceases operations
* Fend ceases operations
* Parker retires the Parker T1
* Pilot introduces the Murex (MYU 701)
* Pilot introduces the steel-striped Capless version
* Jif-Waterman acquire the Waterman trademark and become Waterman S.A.
-- 1972 --
* Parker retires the Parker 51 (date uncertain[39])
* Parker introduces dished ends on the 75
-- 1973 --
* Bayard ceases operations
* Pilot retires the steel-striped Capless version
-- 1975 --
* Ancora ceases operations
* Conway Stewart ceases operations
* Faber-Castell retires from fountain pen market
-- 1981 --
* Kaweco fails and ceases production
-- Note --
1. the most part of the Pelikan chronology take as reference the book Pelikan Schreibgeräte 1929-2004, by Jürghen Dittmer and Martin Lehmann, we used their indications also when other articles (also those referenced in this site) are reporting discordant dates.
2. as claimed in this advertisement.
3. indicative date according to David Nishimura, see here.
4. the most part of the Kaweco chronology is obtained form the information that were published by the company itself (no more on-line) and from the new company history published here.
5. referring to a flyer of this year that shows Riccardo Amisani as general representative for Italy and colonies.
6. the most part of the Sheaffer chronology take as reference the article: A HISTORY OF SHEAFFER PEN AND WALTER A. SHEAFFER ITS FOUNDER, published by the company itself; until noted otherwise this should be considered the source of the info.
7. 7,0 7,1 as for most of the italian manufacturers many dates are just guessed, referring more to a period than to a specific year, like the first or second half of a decade, or its mid the
beginning or end; for more detail just look at chronology on the Montegrappa page.
8. Aurora chronology, where not otherwise reported, refers to the book La storia della Aurora dal 1919 ai giorni nostri by Luca de Ponti.
9. 9,0 9,1 as the archive of the company was destroyed in 1942 after the bombing of their headquarters, many Columbus date are just guessed, referring more to a period than to a specific year, like the first or second half of a decade, or its mid the beginning or end; for more detail just look at chronology on the Columbus page.
10. a Pelikan brochure refers to 1926 while Werner Rüttinger talks about 1924, but the brochure refers to 1957 for the two chicks logo, so probably (see also this thread) the brochure refers to a generic year of use and not to the introduction, therefore we choose to use the Werner Rüttinger year.
11. refers to half of '20s.
12. 12,0 12,1 all dates referring to features or models introduction for the Ancora pens are guessed and marked as such, because there are no catalogs or listings with clear data; so the cited year is always an approximation, referring to a wider time period (with two year less or more than the used value).
13. Luca de Ponti reports the 1927 end, Letizia Jacopini reports around 1929, a flyer for the "Esposizione di Torino" in 1928 with celluloid models leads to take as correct the first date.
14. referring to second half of '20s.
15. All-American models are shown in the 1930-31 Conklin catalog.
16. following De Ponti and Iacopini, Lastruccio and Lambrou (unreliable) tell 1930.
17. although on this page is indicated 1934 this advertising of 1933 clearly shows a clip marked "Edacoto".
18. the exact year is not known, it's only known that it is later than the faceted version.
19. refers to application for the Radius trademark, done with this name.
20. referring to the beginning of '30s; L. Jacopini in La storia della stilografica in Italia talks about 1938 c.a, but G. Fichera notes that the advertizements talks about the Regno d'Italia, so they must be before 1936.
21. referring to the introduction of faceted models, probably the first to use this name
22. as reported by Richard Binder here who also reports a subsequent production, demonstrated by the presence of a model with a 1938 dating code.
23. using the date indicated by Luca De Ponti, Letizia Jacopini speaks of the mid '30s.
24. refers to end of the '30s.
25. refers to end of the '30s.
26. stands for the end of '30s.
27. stands for the end of '30s.
28. given based on the trademark registration date (Reg. Gen. N. 60764).
29. indicated by Letizia Jacopini.
30. supposed few time after S.I.S.A. foundation
31. refers to beginning of '40s.
32. lower limit, as shown by this AD.
33. on the historical section of the company's website is quoted this date, but others (such as Letizia Jacopini in La Storia della Stilografica in Italia 1900-1950) report 1948.
34. refers to postwar beginning.
35. refers to postwar beginning.
36. refers to postwar.
37. taking as reference [2].
38. referring to half of '60s.
39. we use the one indicated as official by Richard Binder in his article.

Edited July 20, 2013 by simp

[Roger W.]

Simone;

 

It's a collection of facts and it has some interest. Without context however several of the facts aren't quite right. Based on what I specialize in - Charles Brandt does not "found" the Boston Fountain Pen Company he buys it from Colonial Pen Company (the Colonials are not covered at all which are related to AA Waterman activity). In 1913 Sheafer is not "founded" it is incorporated as it had been operating since 1912. The pigmy was introduced in 1925 as a metal pen. That you don't list all models introduced it seems odd to mention the pigmy. Sheaffer introduced the balance in 1928. In 1937 Sheaffer introduced the 47 (not 57) that will be named the Crest in 1938.

 

I like that the list is alphabetical. The huge problem with this list is that someone like myself can't begin to rely upon it as the facts aren't supported by source documents other than patent numbers. As I've pointed out there are numerous errors in the facts. Also, it is almost a random collection of facts as it is grossly inconsistent on the facts that it covers - a particular model here, a particular color there - you don't have all models and all colors so it ends up being a random collection of unsubstantiated facts. So from a research aspect it is not very helpful.

 

Roger W.

[tmenyc]

I am fascinated by the material behind the list! I have been trying to research French fountain pen manufacturers, and the details that you've made available are incredible. Many thanks for this outstanding resource -- I look forward to using it!

 

Tim

[simp]

Simone;

 

It's a collection of facts and it has some interest. Without context however several of the facts aren't quite right. Based on what I specialize in - Charles Brandt does not "found" the Boston Fountain Pen Company he buys it from Colonial Pen Company (the Colonials are not covered at all which are related to AA Waterman activity). In 1913 Sheafer is not "founded" it is incorporated as it had been operating since 1912. The pigmy was introduced in 1925 as a metal pen. That you don't list all models introduced it seems odd to mention the pigmy. Sheaffer introduced the balance in 1928. In 1937 Sheaffer introduced the 47 (not 57) that will be named the Crest in 1938.

 

I like that the list is alphabetical. The huge problem with this list is that someone like myself can't begin to rely upon it as the facts aren't supported by source documents other than patent numbers. As I've pointed out there are numerous errors in the facts. Also, it is almost a random collection of facts as it is grossly inconsistent on the facts that it covers - a particular model here, a particular color there - you don't have all models and all colors so it ends up being a random collection of unsubstantiated facts. So from a research aspect it is not very helpful.

 

Roger W.

Hi Roger,

 

first thanks for your corrections, I'll apply them as soon as possible. And yes, you are perfectly right, this cannot be taken as reference for research, because it's just an aggregation of information, and it was made to be exactly an aggregation of different informations to have a place were to look what was happening around some year. Never pretended to be an exact chronology. My choice was to put in it (as I did for most of the italian brand for which no clear data exists) also guess dates, because in my opinion a rough indication of a period is better than none.

 

I live in Italy, so I don't have direct access to local archives and direct data, and also I'm not an expert on Sheaffer, Parker, Pelikan or any other brand. I know a little better about italian pens, but not so much. So I'm just collecting informations around, and many of them came from discussion I found here or in other websites or forum. Sometime these are wrong, sometime are right. When I have an information regarding a date for a brand or a model i take note in their page and I create a chronology entry, so you will have something extremely detailed and something just totally generic. I welcome anyone willing to help, and as I said many times, I will give a writing account to anyone interested.

 

As I clearly stated you cannot find the detailed explanation from where I got the source of these information just reading the chronology. Most of the related notes are in the pages about brands and models. And that's a wiki, not the result of some deep historic research, so information is partial, and fragmented and it's accuracy can be highly variable. I started it to have a place were to put my notes on fountain pens, most of it is still that.

 

I'm trying to move the source information directly in the chronology entries, but this still is a big work to do, and because I'm alone (and I'm doing also a lot of other things like patent and advertisement classification) to do this it will take a lot of time. But almost any entry (some from the very beginning of the wiki may lack it) has a reference source.

 

Anyway about your remarks on Sheaffer: as stated in note 6 I take as main reference the article: A HISTORY OF SHEAFFER PEN AND WALTER A. SHEAFFER ITS FOUNDER, published by the company. All date, if not stated otherwise, come from that article. There Balance is claimed to be introduced in 1929. Richard Binder in his page use the same year. Not having noticed until now a different date I took that one as right. The Crest number was probably a typo in the beginning, anyway I corrected it.

 

For pigmy I took as reference a discussion in another forum, where you were protagonist. The wiki page contain all the details and references. In my probably poor understanding of that discussion, calling the metal one pigmy was disputed. Anyway it's cited in the wiki page as well as the 1925 date.

 

Chronology also state that production of pens marked Sheaffer began in 1912. Sorry for me ignorance about american laws, but here in Italy a company cannot be considered to exists until is incorporated or officially registered in some way. Here Nettuno claims, because there is an advertisement draft dated 1911, to be born that year; but chamber of commerce registration (as found by Letizia Jacopini) is in 1916. Montblanc claims that it was born in 1906, but they were incorporated in 1908.

 

My choice was, and I cannot see any reason for changing it, that "foundation" happens when a company is officially registered, so I'll take as "foundation" the incorporation date for Sheaffer, Montblanc and Nettuno, and when there is evidence of earlier production I'll report that (as I did for Sheaffer) as a "before foundation" activity.

 

Probably you are right pointing out that "founding" is a misleading word, but I'm not good enough in english to find a better one. These entries are automatically created by the semantic properties associated to every brand that has a wiki page (founder, foundation date, production start, and the like). I had to use a kind of generic word on the generated entries, and that one seemed to me the less misleading one. That's also because Boston "is founded".

 

Then I don't understand what you means for the list to be "alphabetical". To which word you want to apply the alphabetical order?

 

The origin of this chronology came from my need to have a place where I could look to see what was going on around some time. In each brand page (some are translated in english, and there it will be in english) you will find the chronology for that brand. Because the entries are inside the semantic database extracting them in a different "order" is relatively easy, and I can do it, but you have to explain me which kind of order you want.

 

For the need to reference to patent or advertisement, as I said most of the source references are just in the brand or model wiki pages and those are for the most part italian only. When there is such a clear reference I put a note for it. From inside the wiki these can be easily reached (there are links for every chronology entry), and I'm slowly making a page for every chronology year (it's already so for the italian chronology) where I put also reference to all patent applied that year and galleries to advertisement and documents (here dating can be approximated also). What I published here is just a text conversion.

 

To end a long enough reply, please do not take the list as a research reference, it is not. To avoid any confusion I'll put a more clear note in the beginning of the wiki page. But I think that it is not a "random collection of unsubstantiated facts" also, because almost all of the entries have references. There will be errors, misunderstanding, stupid mistakes or just taking for granted the wrong source. But I'm fully open to correct any mistake that is pointed to me.

 

I hope my explanations are enough to clarify what this chronology is about.

 

Simone

Edited July 21, 2013 by simp

[Roger W.]

Simone;

 

Obviously there are some valuable references here as brands off of the big four aren't covered much anywhere so there is still a place for a reference such as this one. Most of the fountain pen books don't bother with references so your list is better than those.

 

If you follow when something is incorporated Boston never was and as a business was not required to register in the City of Boston until 1907 and when Boston moved in 1908 they complied and registered though the 1904 is correct as to when they started business. US law for businesses wasn't very well laid out in the early years of fountain pens.

 

I think for the big four the list is hugely lacking and would need many times the number of facts to catch up to where we are on these companies. As to Europe and off brands it is a helpful list for someone starting out to get some reference points in other companies that would be of interest.

 

Roger W.

[Vintagepens]

It may be useful to clarify terminology regarding the establishment of pen companies.

 

The story of Waterman starting his business in the back of a cigar store, selling pens he had assembled himself, may not be entirely accurate, but other American companies certainly started in similar fashion. In such cases, it is much more meaningful to give the earliest known date of operations as the foundation date of the company.

 

Also keep in mind that registering a business for tax and regulatory purposes is different from incorporation. Incorporation has a specific meaning denoting both the legal status of a business and how it is structured and governed. Many pen companies were not incorporated; many others changed their status over the years, sometimes multiple times. One early nibmaking company I am studying, for example, started out as a partnership, then became a corporation, and then became a sole proprietorship, before finally becoming a corporation once again.

[Wahlnut]

Congratulations on your voluminous effort in the Chronology. As is inevitable I suppose with a compilation that covers so many years and makers some dates, features and models mentioned regarding WAHL, EVERSHARP and their models are not completely accurate. I would be happy to help with that but perhaps a back channel conversation would help best. Then the changes needed could be done in one swell foop.

Syd

[basterma]

I have some Italian pens made by lower end brands; Universal, Wilson and Walker. Universal I know about from the Carioca markers they make; but I know nothing of the other two companies. Being in Italy, do you know anything about these companies?

[simp]

I have some Italian pens made by lower end brands; Universal, Wilson and Walker. Universal I know about from the Carioca markers they make; but I know nothing of the other two companies. Being in Italy, do you know anything about these companies?

Universal is a brand considered related (at least according to Letizia Jacopini) to F.lli Cavaliere, that was a brand well knows for overlays (mainly for Watermans). There is a registration for this trademark but is quite newer (1955) directly related to the Carioca markers, but I'm not fully convinced that they are the same, as nothing seems to connect the two and Fratelli Cavaliere was based in Milan when the later Universal is registered in Turin.

 

No trace in Letizia Jacopini book for a Wilson brand. But I found a trademark registered in 1964 for stationery by a Settimo Torinese (the italian fountain pen district) company, F.lli Toffali & C. Images are unavailable, so nothing more can be said. No trace in the book and also in the trademark database for Walker.

 

Simone

 

Correction, the images are back so I could find a Walker trademark (n. 168511) registered to Michelangelo Gippa in Turin in 1965, and in the transparency of the scan it seems also to be stationery related. But that's all i could find the image and the confirmation for Wilson trademark (n. 164579) a pen brand.

Edited July 23, 2013 by simp

[basterma]

Thanks Simone.

 

the pens are quite recent bought in the late 80's and 90's. The Universal has the same logo on the nib as the makers of the Carioca markers, while Wilson seems to make cartridges. You can still get the cartridges in Egypt. I will try and post the picture of the pens when I can.

 

Thanks for your help.

[Jordy833]

I found a Moore Safety Pen. I was wondering if anyone knows prices and can tell me a little about it.

[georges zaslavsky]

very good work, thanks for sharing with us

[dragos.mocanu]

Very nice piece of information, but I would like to add one date: on the 25th of May 1827, the French Government issued a patent for the first cartridge filled fountain pen, invented by Romanian scientist Petrache Poenaru. It's a great and very early achievement (compared to Paul E. Wirt's patent in 1882), often overlooked by most people.

Edited August 5, 2013 by dragos.mocanu

[Vintagepens]

That claim needs further research -- please search this site for previous discussion.

 

ADDED: Here is the link: https://www.fountainpennetwork.com/forum/index.php/topic/164210-another-first-fountain-pen-pretender/?hl=poenaru

Edited August 5, 2013 by Vintagepens

[dragos.mocanu]

That claim needs further research -- please search this site for previous discussion.

 

ADDED: Here is the link: https://www.fountainpennetwork.com/forum/index.php/topic/164210-another-first-fountain-pen-pretender/?hl=poenaru

 

This matter has to be researched indeed. Maybe some of our fellow French forum members could help us in some way.

Edited August 5, 2013 by dragos.mocanu

[simp]

 

This matter has to be researched indeed. Maybe some of our fellow French forum members could help us in some way.

It has been researched. I'm not french, but I could find the patent. I got also permission for a reproduction of scanned images. I'll give some news soon in the other discussion, and I'll publish it as soon as I can create a suitable PDF for it.

 

Simone

[dragos.mocanu]

It has been researched. I'm not french, but I could find the patent. I got also permission for a reproduction of scanned images. I'll give some news soon in the other discussion, and I'll publish it as soon as I can create a suitable PDF for it.

 

Simone

That's great news. Please keep us posted regarding further developments.

Dragos

Edited August 8, 2013 by dragos.mocanu

[simp]

That's great news. Please keep us posted regarding further developments.

Dragos

You can look for more details at the other discussion, https://www.fountainpennetwork.com/forum/index.php/topic/164210-another-first-fountain-pen-pretender/?hl=poenaru

 

I could find the Patent from the INPI archives (http://bases-brevets19e.inpi.fr), and I'm publishing it here:

 

http://www.fountainpen.it/File:Patent-FR-Poenaru.pdf

 

Simone

[dragos.mocanu]

That's great. Finally some good people decided to shed some light on this matter, thank you very much.

[rhr]

Thanks, Simone.

 

George.